Kitinazların Biyolojik Mücadeledeki Etkisi

Fungal patojenler bitkilerde ciddi hastalıklara yol açarak tüm dünyada ekonomik kayıplara neden olurlar. Bu hastalıkların çoğu böcekler ve fungal patojenler tarafından kaynaklanmaktadır. Kitin doğada en bol bulunan biyopolimerlerdendir. Bazı bitkiler tarafından üretilen kitinaz enzimi tarafından katalize edilerek yıkılabilirler. Kitinazlar fungusların hücre duvarının parçalanmasını sağladıkları için bitki savunmasında önemli bir rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Kitinazların çoğu in vitro şartlar altında fungal patojenlerin gelişmesini engellemektedirler. Bu derlemede fungal patojenlere karşı dayanıklı bitkilerin geliştirilmesi açısından kitinazların özellikleri sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fungal patojen, kitinaz, transgenik bitki

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Fungal pathogens cause many serious diseases and result significant agricultural losses around the world. Most of the diseases are caused by insect and fungal pathogens. Chitin is frequently used as a carbon source for fungi that have many chitinases. Chitin is an abundant biopolymer that is relatively resistant to degradation. Chitinases are capable of degrading fungal cell walls and are therefore thought to play a major role in the plant’s response. A number of chitinases have been shown to inhibit fungal growth of various fungi in vitro. The present review describes the properties of chitinase with respect to plant resistant improvement.

Keywords:

Fungal pathogen, chitinase, transgenic plant,

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