Mesut ULU, Yusuf Sait TÜRKAN, Kenan MENGÜÇ

Trafik kazalarını etkileyen faktörlerin ağırlıklarının BWM ve SWARA yöntemleri ile belirlenmesi

Genç ve yetişkinler arasında önde gelen ölüm ve yaralanma nedeni olan trafik kazaları dünya çapında bir endişe kaynağı olmuştur. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün (WHO) 2018 yılında yol güvenliğine ilişkin küresel durum raporuna göre, trafik kazaları nedeniyle her yıl yaklaşık 1,35 milyon kişi hayatını kaybetmekte ve 50 milyon kişi yaralanmaktadır. Karayolu trafik sistemi, insan, araç, yol ve doğal çevre gibi kapsamlı faktörleri içeren karmaşık bir sistemdir. Bu karmaşık sistem uygun iyileştirmeler olmadığı taktirde can kayıplarına, yaralanmalara, maddi hasara ve trafik sıkışıklığına neden olacaktır. Bu nedenle, trafik güvenliğini artırmak için trafik kazalarını etkileyen faktörlerin analiz edilmesi gerekmektedir. Mevcut literatürde trafik kazalarını etkileyen ekonomi, iklim, yol yapısı, trafik bilgileri ve trafik güvenliği kanunları gibi çok sayıda faktör bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada trafik kazalarına etki eden sürücü dışındaki kriterler ve bunların alt kriterleri belirlenmiştir. Ardından çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri olan BWM ve SWARA metotları ile ayrı ayrı uygulanarak trafik kazalarına etki eden faktörlerin ağrılıkları hesaplanarak karayolu kazalarının azaltılması için öneri sunulmuştur.

Determining the weights of the factors affecting traffic accidents by BWM and SWARA methods

Traffic accidents, the leading cause of death and injury among youth and adults, have been a worldwide concern. According to the World Health Organization's (WHO) global status report on road safety in 2018, approximately 1.35 million people die and 50 million are injured every year due to traffic accidents. The road traffic system is a complex system that includes comprehensive factors such as people, vehicles, roads and the natural environment. This complex system will cause loss of life, injuries, property damage and traffic jams unless appropriate improvements are made. Therefore, in order to improve traffic safety, it is necessary to analyze the effective factors affecting traffic accidents. In the current literature, there are many factors affecting traffic accidents such as economy, climate, road structure, traffic information and traffic safety laws. In this study, the criteria other than the driver that affect traffic accidents and their sub-criteria were determined. Then, BWM and SWARA methods, which are multi-criteria decision-making methods, were applied separately and suggestions were presented to reduce road accidents by calculating the weights of the factors affecting traffic accidents.

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