Sosyal Medya Davranışları Ölçeğinin Türkçe Formunun Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Bu çalışmada, Lu ve arkadaşları tarafından (2018) İngilizce olarak geliştirilen, gençlerin okul içi ve okul dışındaki sosyal medya davranışlarını ölçen iki farklı ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geliştirilmesiyle, Türkiye’de üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya kullanımı davranışlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Okul Dışı Sosyal Medya Davranışları Ölçeği (ODSMD) 21 madde; Üniversite öğrencilerinin Okul İçi Sosyal Medya Davranışları Ölçeği (OİSMD) ise 10 maddedir. ODSMD Ölçeği; tüketme, iletişim, oluşturma ve paylaşma olmak üzere dört faktörlü; OİSMD Ölçeği; tüketme, oluşturma ve paylaşma olmak üzere üç faktörlü yapıdadır. Çalışma verileri, Ege Bölgesi’ndeki bir devlet üniversitesine devam eden toplam 806 üniversite öğrencisinin katılımıyla toplanmıştır. Dil eşdeğerliği sağlandıktan sonra ölçeklerin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett’s, Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA), Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ve Cronbach’s Alpha testleri ile ölçeklerin geçerlik ve güvenirlik hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Sonuçlarda, tüm maddelerin faktör yüklerinin iyi olduğu ve her iki ölçek için de açıklanan toplam varyansın yeterli düzeyde olduğu (OİSMD: %61,35. ODSMD: %55,17) görülmüştür. İki ölçeğin de iç tutarlılık değerlerinin tüm faktörler için kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Açımlayıcı faktör analizleri ile elde edilen sonuçlar, doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ile doğrulanarak Türkiye’de üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya kullanım davranışlarının okul içinde ve dışındayken nasıl farklılaştığını ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

sosyal medya, Instagram, Whatsapp, Facebook, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik, Ölçek Uyarlama

Adapting Social Media Behavior Scales To Turkish: Validity and Reliability Analysis

In this study, it is aimed to adapt the two scales, the outside school social media behavior(OSSMB) and inside school social media behavior scale (ISSMB) into Turkish, which were developed by Lu et.al (2018). OSSMB includes 21 items, and ISSMB includes 10 items. OSSMB Scale has four sub-dimensions: Consuming, Communicating,Creating, and Sharing. The OSSMB scale has three sub-dimensions: Consuming, Creating, and Sharing. The first part of the study data was collected with the participationof 806 university students attending a public university in the Aegean Region. Further data were collected from 365 students for confirmatory factor analysis of the scales. Data were collected from 1171 students in total. The Turkish version of the scale was started with a language validity study. The translation and back-translation stages of the Turkish version of the scale were performed by three language experts and three field experts. After language validity, Kaiser-Meyer_Olkin, Bartlett’s, ExploratoryFactor Analysis (AFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Cronbach’s Alpha reliability and validity analyzes were performed. In the results, the factor loads of all items were good (above .61), and the total variances explained for both scales were high (ISSMB: 67.64% OSSMB: 56.71). The internal consistency values of both scales are acceptable for all factors. The factor structures obtained from the exploratory factor analysis have been confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis with valid and reliablemeasurement scales measuring the difference between the social media use of young people in Turkey within and outside the school.

Keywords:

Social Media, Instagram, Whatsapp, Facebook, Validity and Reliability, Scale Adaptation,

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