Risk altında zamanlararası tercihler: Alternatif bir fayda fonksiyonu
Dinamik stokastik genel denge modellerinde tercihlerin belirlenmesi için geleneksel olarak kullanılan fayda fonksiyonunun önemli dezavantajları söz konusudur. Beklenen Fayda temelli geleneksel fayda fonksiyonu zamanlararası ikame esnekliği katsayısını, riskten kaçınma katsayısının tersi olacak şekilde kısıtlamaktadır. Bu çalışma Beklenen Fayda temelli fayda fonksiyonu ile ilgili sorunları değerlendirerek, Epstein ve Zin (1989;1991) tarafından geliştirilen alternatif fayda fonksiyonunun avantajlarını ele almaktadır. Bu alternatif fayda fonksiyonunun en önemli avantajı zamanlararası ikame esnekliği katsayısı ve riskten kaçınma katsayısı arasındaki ilişkiyi kaldırmasıdır.
İntrtemporal preferences under risk: An alternative utulity function
The utility function traditionally used for the specification of the preferences in dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models has important drawbacks. Expected Utility based traditional utility function restricts that the coefficient of elasticity of intertemporal substitution to be the inverse of the coefficient of relative risk aversion. This study reviews the problems with the Expected Utility based model, and considers the advantages of the alternative utility function developed by Epstein and Zin (1989;1991). The main advantage of this alternative is that it brakes the link between the coefficient of intertemporal elasticity of substitution and the coefficient of relative risk aversion.
___
- ARROW, K. J. (1970) The theory of risk aversion. In K. J. Arrow (Ed.), Essays in the Theory of Risk Bearing (pp. 90-109). Chicago: Markham.
- BACKUS, D., B. ROUTLEDGE ve S. ZIN (2004) Exotic Preferences for Macroeconomists, NBER Working Paper, No. 10597.
- BARRO, R. J. and SALA-I-MARTIN, X. (1995) Economic Growth, New York: McGraw-Hill.
- BENABOU, R. (2002) Tax and education policy in a heterogeneous agent economy: What levels of redistribution maximize growth and efficiency?, Econometrica, 70(2), 481-517.
- BERNOULLI, D. (1738) Specimen theoariae novae de mensura sortis. Commentarri Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, Tomus V, 175- 192. Translated by Louise Sommer as ``Expositions of a New Theory on the Measurement of Risk.'' Econometrica. vol.22, no.1: 23-36, Jan.1954.
- DEATON, A. (1992) Understanding Consumption, New York: Oxford University Press.
- DEKEL, E. (1986) An axiomatic characterization of preferences under uncertainty: Weakening the independence axiom, Journal of Economic Theory, 40(2), 304-318.
- EPSTEIN, L. G. and ZIN, S. E. (1991) Substitution, risk aversion, and the temporal behavior of consumption and asset returns: An empirical analysis, Journal of Economic Theory, 99(2), 263-286.
- EPSTEIN, L. G. and ZIN, S. E. (1989) Substitution, risk aversion, and the temporal behavior of consumption and asset returns: A theoretical framework, Econometrica, 57(4), 937-969.
- EPSTEIN, L. G. (1992) Behavior under risk: Recent developments in theory and applications, In J.-J. Laffont (Ed.), Advances in Economic Theory, Sixth World Congress of the Econometric Society, Volume 2 chapter 1, (pp. 1-63). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press.
- FREDERICK, S., LOEWENSTEIN, G. ve O'DONOGHUE, T. (2002) Time discounting and time preference: A critical review, Journal of Economic Literature, 40(2), 351-401.
- GÜL, F. (1991) A theory of disappointment aversion, Econometrica, 59(3), 667-86.
- HALL, R. E. (1988) Intertemporal substitution in consumption, Journal of Political Economy, 96(2), 339-357.
- HANSEN, L. P. ve SINGLETON, K. J. (1993) Stochastic consumption, risk aversion, and the temporal behavior of asset returns, Journal of Political Economy, 91(2), 249-265.
- HANSEN, L. P. ve SINGLETON, K. J. (1982) Generalized instrumental variables estimation of nonlinear rational expectations models, Econometrica, 50(5), 1269-1286.
- HEY, J. ve PARADISO, M. (1999) Dynamic choice and timingindependence: An experimental investigation, Discussion Papers 1999/26, Department of Economics, University of York, Heslington, York,USA.
- JEHLE, G. A. ve RENY, P. J. (1998) Advanced Microeconomic Theory, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
- JOHNSEN, T. H. ve DONALDSON, J. B. (1985) The structure of intertemporal preferences under uncertainty and time consistent plans, Econometrica, 53(6), 1451-58.
- KAHNEMAN, D. ve TVERSKY, A. (1979) Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk, Econometrica, 47(2), 263-91.
- KAHNEMAN, D., WAKKER, P. P. ve SARİN, R. (1997) Back to bentham? explorations of experienced utility, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(2), 375-405.
- KNIGHT, F. H. (1921) Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit (online Ed.). Boston, MA: Hart, Schaffner and Marx; Houghton Mifflin Company. Retrieved July 20, 2004 from Library of Economics and Liberty, http://www.econlib.org/library/Knight/knRUP.html.
- KOOPMANS, T. C. (1960) Stationary ordinal utility and impatience, Econometrica, 28(2), 287-309.
- KREPS, D. M. ve PORTEUS, E. L. (1978) Temporal resolution of uncertainty and dynamic choice theory, Econometrica, 46(1), 185-200.
- LAIBSON, D. (1997) Golden eggs and hyperbolic discounting, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(2), 443-77.
- LUCAS, R. E. (1976), Econometric policy evaluation: A critique. In Brunner, K. and Meltzer, A. H. (Eds.), The Phillips Curve and Labor Markets, Volume 1 of Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy (pp. 19-46). Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company.
- MACHINA, M. J. (1984) Temporal risk and the nature of induced preferences, Journal of Economic Theory, 33(2), 199-231.
- MAS-COLELL, A., WHINSTON, M. D. ve GREEN, J. R. (1995) Microeconomic Theory, New York: Oxford University Press.
- MEHRA, R. ve PRESCOTT, E. C. (1985) The equity premium: A puzzle, Journal of Monetary Economics, 15(2), 145-161.
- PRATT, J. W. (1964) Risk aversion in the small and in the large, Econometrica, 32(1/2), 122-136.
- PRELEC, D. ve LOEWENSTEIN, G. (1991) Decision making over time and under uncertainty: A common approach, Management Science, 37(7), 770-786.
- TAŞDEMİR, M. (2006) Dinamik Genel Denge Modellerinde Zamanlararası Tercihler: İndirgenmiş Fayda Teorisi ve Yetersizlikleri, Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(12),115-129
- SAMUELSON, P. A. (1937) A note on measurement of utility, Review of Economic Studies, 4(2), 155-161.
- VICKREY, W. (1945) Measuring marginal utility by reactions to risk, Econometrica, 13(4), 319-333.
- VON NEUMANN, J. and MORGENSTERN, O. (1947) Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (Second Ed.), New Jersey: Princeton University Press.