Politik davranış boyutları: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması

Bu çalışmada bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla, bir kurumda karşılaşılan politik davranışların neler olduğu ortaya konmaya ve bu amaca yönelik olarak bir politik davranış ölçeği geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Farklı kurum ve bölümlerde çalışan 290 kişilik bir örneklem ile ölçeğin geliştirilmesi ve sınanması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada politik davranışın işe vuruk tanımı, “kurumun kabul edilen normlarıyla tutarlı olmayan, kişinin kendi çıkarlarına hizmet eden, kurum hedefleri düşünülmeden hatta kurum hedeflerine ters düşse bile yapılan davranışlar” olarak yapılmıştır (Ferris, Russ ve Fandt, 1989; Gandz ve Murray, 1980; Porter, Allen ve Angle, 1981). Yapılan analizlerde kurumlarda karşılaşılan politik davranışların “Tavizci Davranmak”, “İkiyüzlü Davranmak”, “Göze Girmeye Çalışmak”, “Koalisyon Kurmak”, “Karşılıklı Çıkar Gözetmek”, “Üst Yönetime Yaranmaya Çalışmak” olarak adlandırılan faktörler altında ve bu faktörlerin de “Yatay Politik Davranışlar” ve “Dikey Politik Davranışlar” olarak iki temel grup altında toplandığı ortaya çıkmıştır.

Scale development for the dimensions of political behavior

The purpose of the study is to identify political behaviors that are exercised within the organizations and based on this identification to develop an instrument for political behavior. The instrument was developed and tested using a sample of 290 employees from diverse occupations and organizations. In the study, political behavior is operationally defined as “organizationally non-sanctioned behavior that is not consistent with the norms of the organization and which may be detrimental to organizational goals or to the interests of others in the organization” (Ferris, Russ ve Fandt, 1989; Gandz ve Murray, 1980; Porter, Allen ve Angle, 1981). Results of the exploratory factor analysis on the survey data revealed six factors with Eigen values greater than one. The six factors are named as “acting two-faced”, “making concessions”, “ingratiation”, “forming coalitions”, “exchange of favors” and “inspirational appeals”. The second factor analysis applied to these six factors grouped the factors under two main factors namely “lateral political behavior” and “vertical political behavior”. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are discussed in the last section.

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