Kilis keçilerinde somatik hücre sayısı üzerine meme tiplerinin etkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kilis keçilerinin meme tiplerinin somatik hücre sayısı (SHS) üzerine olası etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışma, Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Gaziantep ilinde özel bir Kilis keçi işletmesinde yürütülmüştür. İşletmede 100 baş keçinin 2020 yılında alınan verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Keçilere ait meme özelliklerinin belirlemesi laktasyonun ortasında akşam sağımı sırasında yapılmıştır. Keçilerde somatik hücre sayısı (SHS)’nın tespiti ise oğlakların sütten kesimi sonrasında ardışık olarak 3 kez yapılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel olarak varyans analizleri ve çoklu karşılaştırma testleri SAS paket programı ile yapılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmede; genel olarak ortalama SHS ve Log10SHS sayıları sırasıyla 937.000±67.190 hücre/ml ve 5.803±0.501 hücre/ml olarak belirlenmiştir. Süt kalitesinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan geometrik SHS değeri ise ortalama 932.321 hücre/ml olarak tespit edilmiştir. Keçilerde asimetrik meme tipine rastlanmamış olup, tespit edilen düz meme, kırık meme ve iki parçalı meme tipleri için ortalama SHS ve Log10SHS sayıları sırasıyla 1.048.800±119.060 hücre/ml, 793.300±212.990 hücre/ml ve 900.100±88.440 hücre/ml ve 5.836±0.523, 5.796±0.315 ve 5.787±0.524 hücre/ml olarak tespit edilmiştir. Keçi meme özellikleri oranları düz meme, kırık meme ve iki parçalı meme tipi için sırasıyla %32.0, %10.0 ve %58 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Kilis keçilerinden elde edilen sütlerin ve dolaylı olaraktan süt ürünlerinin halk sağlığı ve insan beslenmesinde güvenle kullanılabileceği ve Kilis keçilerinin süt üretiminde başarılı bir şekilde yetiştirildiği kanaatine varılmıştır. Bununla birlikte tüm dünyada keçi ırkları için süt kalite standartlarının geliştirilmesi ve belirlenmesine acilen ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çiğ süt, Kilis keçisi, Meme tipi, Somatik hücre sayısı, Süt kalitesi

Effects of udder types on somatic cell count in local Kilis goat breeds

The aim of this study is to investigate the possible effects of udder types on the number of somatic cells (SCC) in the Kilis goats. The study were conducted in a private company reared Kilis goats located in Gaziantep province in the Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia Region. The data obtained from 100 goats in the farm in 2020 were evaluated. Determination of udder characteristics of goats was made during evening milking in the middle of lactation. The determination of the SCC in goats was made 3 times consecutively after weaning of goats. Statistical analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests of the data were carried out using the SAS package program. In the evaluation made; overall mean SCC and Log10SCC numbers were 937.000±67.190 cells/ml and 5.803±0.501 cells/ml, respectively. The geometric SCC value used in determining of the milk quality was determined as an average of 932.321 cells/ml. Asymmetric udder type was not found in goats. Mean SCC numbers for flat udder, broken udder and two-piece udder types were detected as 1,048.800±119.060 cells/ml, 793.300±212.990 cells/ml, and 900.100±88.440 cells/ml respectively. Mean Log10SCC numbers for flat udder, broken udder and two-piece udder types were detected as 5.836±0.523 cells/ml, 5.796±0.315 cells/ml, and 5.787±0.524 cells/ml respectively. Goat udder characteristics ratios were determined as 32.0%, 10.0% and 58% for flat udder, broken udder and two-piece udder type, respectively. As a result, it was concluded that the dairy products and milk obtained from Kilis goats can be used safely in public health and human nutrition, and Kilis goats are successfully bred in milk production. However, it is thought that there is an urgent need to develop and determine milk quality standards for goat breeds all over the world.

Keywords:

Raw milk, Kilis goat, Udder types, Somatic cell count, Milk quality,

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