Chlorella protothecoides Mikroalg Yağının Karakterizasyonu, Biyoaktif Özellikleri ve Antifungal Etkinliği

Mikroalgler protein, yağ asitleri, karbonhidrat, mineral, pigment, vitaminler, steroller, antioksidanlar ve biyoaktifpolifenoller gibi değerli metabolitler üretilebilen, aktif bileşenler açısından zengin kaynaklardır. Bu değerli metobolitlerisayesinde günümüzde mikroalgler gıda, kozmetik, eczacılık, tarım gibi birçok alanda kullanım potansiyeline sahiptir.Chlorophyta grubuna ait yeşil tek hücreli Chlorella sp. antitümör, antikoagülan, antibakteriyel, antiviral, antifungal veantioksidan aktivite göstermektedir. Mikroalg türlerinden elde edilen mikroalg yağlarının fungal mikroorganizmalarakarşı antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip olduğu ve gıdalarda koruyucu olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmadagıdalarda kalitatif ve kantitatif kayıplara yol açan Penicillium chrysogenum ve Aspergillus parasiticus funguslarınakarşı, kimyasal gıda koruyucularına alternatif olabilecek C. protothecoides mikroalg yağının antifungal etkinliğiincelenmiştir. Penicillium chrysogenum ve Aspergillus parasiticus funguslarına karşı %5 ve %10’lukkonsantrasyonlarda dimetil sülfoksit (DMSO) kullanılarak hazırlanan C. protothecoides mikroalg yağı, disk difüzyonmetodu kullanılarak antifungal etkisi araştırılmıştır. Her iki fungal patojende C. protothecoides mikroalg yağının miselgelişimini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. C. protothecoides mikroalg yağının antioksidan aktivitesi 1,1-difenil-2-pikril hidrazil(DPPH) serbest radikali giderme metodu kullanılarak tayin edilmiştir. Mikroalg yağının antioksidan etkisi %45.93olarak tespit edilmiştir. C. protothecoides mikroalg yağının, denenen P. chrysogenum ve A. parasitıcus’a karşıantifungal aktiviteye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda C. protothecoides yağının gıdaendüstrisinde gıda koruyucu olarak kullanılabileceği öngörülmektedir.

Characterization, Bioactive Properties and Antifungal Activity of Chlorella protothecoides Microalgae Oil

Microalgae can produce valuable metabolites such as protein, fatty acids, carbohydrates, minerals, pigments, vitamins, sterols, antioxidants and bioactive polyphenols, which are rich sources of active ingredients. Thanks to these valuable metabolites, microalgae today have the potential to be used in many areas such as food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Green single cell Chlorella sp. belonging to the Chlorophyta group shows antitumor, anticoagulant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antioxidant activity. It is known that microalgae oils have antimicrobial effect against fungal microorganisms and can be used as a preservative in foods. In this study, the antifungal activity of Chlorella protothecoides microalgae oil, an alternative to chemical preservation, against Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus parasiticus fungi, which may cause qualitative and quantitative losses in foods, was determined. The antifungal effect of C. protothecoides microalgae oil prepared by using 5% and 10% concentrations in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) against these fungi was determined by the disc diffusion method. In both fungal pathogens, C. protothecoides microalgae oil decreased micellar growth. The antioxidant activity of the C. protothecoides microalgae oil was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical removal method. Antioxidant effect of microalgae oil was determined as 45.93%. C. protothecoides microalgae oil had an antifungal activity against P. chrysogenum and A. parasiticus. According to the results, it can be concluded that C. protothecoides oil may be used as a food preservative in the food industry.

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