Yerel Kalkınmada Teknopark Modeli: Emilia-Romagna (İtalya) ve Shannon (İrlanda) Bölgeleri Örnekleri

Teknopark, bir üniversite veya araştırma kurumunun öncülüğünde üretilen bilginin ticarileştirilmesini amaçlayan bir kurumdur. Teknoparklar, girişimcilere mali ve teknik destek vermektedir. Bilim parkı, yenilik merkezi gibi adlarla da anılmaktadır. Dünyanın ilk teknoparkı, ABD’nin Stanford Üniversitesi bünyesinde 1952 yılında kurulan Stanford Araştırma Parkı’dır (Silikon Vadisi). Yerel kalkınmada yenilikleri teşvik etmek için teknopark kurulması, literatürde “Teknopark Modeli” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, yerel kalkınmada teknopark modelini İtalya’nın Emilia-Romagna ve İrlanda’nın Shannon bölgeleri örnekleri üzerinden analiz etmektir. Bu çerçevede Emilia-Romagna bölgesinin kalkınma ajansı ERVET ile Shannon bölgesinin kalkınma ajansı SD öncülüğünde ekonomik kalkınmayı hızlandırmak üzere kurulan teknoparklar, kuruluş ve gelişme süreçleri ile ortaya konmuştur. Konu, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi tekniği ile ele alınmıştır. Yapılan analiz ile şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: a) Teknoparklar, yerel kalkınmaya üretim, istihdam, Ar-Ge, yenilik gibi yönlerden katkıda bulunmuştur. b) Teknoparklar ağ üzerinden birbirine bağlanmak suretiyle Sektörel Yenilik Sistemi ve Bölgesel Yenilik Sistemi kurulmuştur.

The Technopark Model in Local Development: Emilia-Romagna (Italy) and Shannon (Ireland) Regions Samples

Technopark is an institution aiming at the commercialization of the information produced under the leadership of a university or research institution. Technoparks provide financial and technical support to entrepreneurs. It is also named as the innovation center, the science park. The world’s first technopark is the Stanford Research Park (Silicon Valley), founded in 1952 in the United States under Stanford University. Establishment of technoparks to encourage innovation in local development is called “Technopark Model” in the literature. The aim of the study is to analyze the technopark model in local development in Emilia-Romagna (E-R) of Italy and the Shannon region of Ireland. In this context, technoparks established to accelerate the economic development of the development agency ERVET of Emilia-Romagna region and the development agency SD of the Shannon region have been revealed through establishment and development processes. The subject was examined by qualitative research methods using document analysis technique. The analysis yielded the following results: a)Technoparks contributed to local development through aspects such as production, employment, R&D, innovation. b)Sectoral Innovation System and Regional Innovation System have been established by connecting technoparks via network.

Keywords:

Local development, technopark model, regional innovation system, Regional Development Agency Emilia-Romagna region,

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