Evsel ve Evsel Nitelikli Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprak Düzenleyici Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Atıksuların arıtılması neticesinde oluşan arıtma çamurlarının yeniden kullanılmasının sağlanması, atıkarıtma sektöründeki öncelikli konulardan biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Atıksu arıtma çamurlarınınbünyesinde bulunan çeşitli organik ve inorganik bileşikler, bu atıkların toprak düzenleyici olarakdeğerlendirilmesi alternatifini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu kapsamda, toprakta kullanılabilmepotansiyeline sahip çamurların toprağa yapacağı katkıların ve/veya etkilerin laboratuvar ortamındayürütülen inkübasyon çalışmalarıyla değerlendirilmesi fayda sağlamakta ve yol gösterici olmaktadır. Buçalışmada, stabil hale getirilen evsel ve evsel nitelikli (gıda) arıtma çamurları 100t/ha oranındatopraklara uygulanmış ve 12 aylık bir inkübasyon çalışması yürütülerek toprağın bazı kimyasalözelliklerinde meydana gelen değişimler irdelenmiştir. Yapılan araştırma sonuçlarına göre, denenendozda çamur uygulaması toprakların pH değerini hafifçe düşürürken (maksimum 1 birim), EC25oCdeğerlerini arttırmıştır. Toprağa yapılan tüm arıtma çamuru uygulamalarının, kontrol toprağındayaklaşık %1, 6 seviyelerindeki kolay okside olabilir organik karbon içeriğini %2- 2,6 seviyelerine çıkarttığıtespit edilmiştir. Çamur uygulanmış topraklarda amonyum azotu değerleri kontrole göre çok büyük artışgöstermezken nitrat azotu değerleri belirgin şekilde artmış ve 12 aylık inkübasyon döneminin sonunda713 ila 1048 mg/kg seviyelerine ulaşmıştır. Yarayışlı fosfor konsantrasyonunun da çamur uygulamasınabağlı olarak 24-30 mg PO4-P/kg seviyelerinden 44-91 mg PO4-P/kg seviyelerine çıktığı tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç olarak, 100 t/ha oranında yapılan evsel ve evsel nitelikli arıtma çamuru uygulamaları ile toprağınorganik madde ve bitki besin maddesi içeriklerinin arttığı ve topraktaki biyokimyasal fonksiyonlarıngeliştiği izlenimi edinilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen parametreler itibarıyla denenen arıtmaçamurlarının toprak düzenleyici olarak kullanım potansiyelinin oldukça yüksek olduğu sonucunavarılmıştır.

Evaluation of Soil Conditioner Effects of Domestic and Domestic-Like Wastewater Sludges

Reuse of wastewater sludges resulting from the treatment of wastewater is considered as a priority issue in the waste treatment sector. Various organic and inorganic compounds found in wastewater sludges provide an alternative to the evaluation of these wastes as soil conditioner. In this context, it is beneficial and guiding to evaluate the contributions and/or impacts of suitable sludges with the laboratory incubation studies. In this study, stabilized domestic and domestic-like (food) wastewater sludges were applied to the soil at a rate of 100t/ha and a 12-month incubation study was carried out to investigate the changes in some chemical properties of the soil. According to the results, sludge application decreased the pH of the soils slightly (maximum 1 unit) and increased the EC25oC values markedly. It has been found that all sludge applications increased the easily oxidizable organic carbon content of control soil from 1.6% to 2.45-2.75%. Ammonium nitrogen values in sludge treated soils did not increase significantly compared to control, while nitrate nitrogen values increased significantly and reached 713 to 1048 mg/kg levels after 12 months incubation period. In addition, available phosphorus concentration increased from 24-30 mg PO4-P/kg to 44-91 mg PO4-P/kg. As a result, the organic and plant nutrient contents of the soil increased and biochemical functions of the soil improved with wastewater sludge applications with dose of 100 t /ha. It is concluded that the potential use of the tested wastewater sludges as soil conditioners is quite high with respect to the parameters examined.

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