Dental İmplant Tedavisinde Farklı Yerleştirme Zamanlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Hemen, Erken ve Geç Dönem Uygulamalar

Son yıllarda implant uygulamaları diş çekiminden hemen sonra ya da yumuşak doku iyileşmesinin tamamlanmasını izleyen erken dönemde 15 gün-6 ay yaygın olarak yapılmaktadır. Bu uygulama tekniklerinin geç implant uygulamalarına göre birtakım avantaj ve dezavantajları mevcuttur. Bu derlemede diş çekiminden sonra farklı zamanlarda yerleştirilen implantların klinik sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Az sayıdaki kontrollü klinik çalışmada farklı implant yerleştirme protokolleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Ağızda kalım oranları değerlendirildiğinde her üç uygulamada elde edilen sonuçlar benzer bulunmuştur ve yaklaşık değer %95’dir. Hemen implant uygulamalarının alveol kemik rezorpsiyonunu önleyip önlemediği tartışmalıdır. İmplant yüzeyi ile soket duvarı arasında kalan mesafe az ise spontan iyileşme gerçekleşebildiği gibi bu durumda ogmentasyon uygulamalarının gerekliliği ile ilgili kesin bir yargı bulunmamaktadır. Hemen ve erken implant uygulamaları sonrasındaki estetik sonuçlarla ilgili yeterli veriler bulunmamakla birlikte bu tedavi yaklaşımları ile estetik ve fonksiyon açısından yüksek hasta memnuniyeti sağlanabilmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Diş implantı, implantasyon, acil dental implant yerleştirme, sağ kalım oranı

Evaluation of Different Placement Times of Dental Implant Treatment: Immediate, Early and Late Applications

In the recent years, immediate implant placement into fresh extraction sockets and early implant placement after the soft tissue healing have been commonly practiced. These techniques have several advantages and disadvantages compared to the late implant procedure. The aim of this review is to evaluate the clinical outcomes for the different times of implant placement following tooth extraction. Few controlled clinical trials of different implantation protocols have been compared. The survival rates of these three protocols were similar and approximately 95%. It should be discussed whether the immediate implant procedure prevents alveolar bone resorption. If the distance between the implant surface and the extraction socket wall is narrow, spontaneous healing may occur and the need for augmentation is not a certain determination. Although sufficient data is not available about the esthetic outcome of immediate and early implant procedures, patient satisfaction can be achieved esthetically and functionally with these treatment approaches

Keywords:

Dental implant, implantation, immediate dental implant loading, survival rate,

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