Faruk AŞICIOĞLU, Mustafa OKUDAN, Mahmut KOCA, Nilay DERMAN

Sihirli Mantar Büyütme kitleri: Uyuşturucu yasalarını ihlal etmek için yeni bir yöntem.

Doğadan yanlışlıkla toplanıldığında ve yenildiğinde herhangi bir suçun oluşması mümkün değildir. Kültürel olarak üretilen taze, kurutulmuş, toz veya kapsül halinde pazarlandıkları takdirde yasal sorumluluk doğmaktadır. Çünkü mantarın içerdiği psilosin ve psilosibin 1971 Psikotrop Maddeler Sözleşmesi Ek 1 listede yer aldığı gibi ülkemizde de 2313 sayılı Uyuşturucu Maddelerin Murakebesi Hakkında Kanunun 19. maddesi gereği uyuşturucu maddeler kapsamına alınmıştır. Son zamanlarda internet üzerinden sihirli mantarın kendisi yerine ev koşullarında üretilmesine yönelik mantar sporları, mantar büyütme kitleri, yumurtlama çantaları gibi ürünler pazarlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada internet üzerinden mantar yetiştirme kiti sipariş eden iki olgu sunulmuştur. Mantar tohumu katılmış toprak, gübre, tahıl ve bitki besleyiciler içeren bu materyal yakalandığı durumu itibarı ile mantar ekimi olduğu kabul edilse bile, mevzuatımızda böyle bir fiili cezalandıran bir hüküm bulunmamaktadır. Ülkemizde sadece afyon ve kenevirin izinsiz ekilmesi ve üretilmesi suç olarak düzenlenmiştir. Dolayısı ile mevzuatımızdaki bu ve benzer boşlukları giderici düzenlemelere ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Yakalanan kitin uygun koşullar sağlandığında on gün içerisinde psilosin içeren sihirli mantarlara dönüştüğü bilirkişi raporunda belirtilmiştir. Ancak kite el konulduğundaki haliyle psilosin elde edilmesi mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle şahsın eylemini uyuşturucu maddeyi imal suçunun icra hareketleri kapsamında değerlendirmeyip hazırlık hareketleri kapsamında değerlendirmek uygun olacaktır. Yakalanan materyalden mantar elde edilmesi kesin olmadığından sadece kitin elde bulundurulması uyuşturucu madde imali suçuna teşebbüs olarak kabul edilemez. Buna karşılık, bu kitlerdeki maddelerden uygun ortam ve koşullar sağlanarak mantar yetiştirilmeye başlanmasıyla suça teşebbüs aşamasına geçildiği kabul edilmelidir.

Magic Mushroom Growing Kits: A new method for infringement of the narcotic laws.

Whereas marketing of their cultural products at any form such as fresh, dried, powered or capsulated causes legal responsibility. Because, psilocybin and psilocin are listed as Schedule I drugs under the United Nations 1971 Conventionon on Psychotropic Substances as well as they are listed as psycho-active substances according to the 19 th. paragraph of the act numbered 2313 in Turkey. Recently, instead of ready to use mushrooms, mushroom spores, mushroom growing kits, and spawn bags have been marketed by internet to grow own mushroom at home. At this study, two cases who ordered mushroom growing kit are presented. These growing kits which contain soil, mushroom seeds, fertilizer, and grains are seizured by customers. Even thought these materials are assumed as mushroom plantation as is seizured, there isn t any prohibition of these action in Turkish laws and regulations. Illegal plantation of cannabis and opium poppy are merely regulated as a criminal offense in Turkish Law. Therefore, there is a real need to close regulation gaps. It is underlined at the expert witness report that the seizured material has became a psilocin containing magic mushroom in approximately 10 days at the convinient condition. However, it does nt contain psilocin as is seizured condition. Therefore, the procurement of this material by perpetrator should be evaluated as a preparatory activity of narcotic substance production crime, instead of execution activity.The procurement of this material per se could not be accepted as an attempt to produce narcotic substance, because it is unpredictable whether it grows to psilocin containing magic mushroom. On the contrary, it is accepted that the stage is an attempt to produce narcotic substance when the plant is proliferated in convinient condition.

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