Investigation of the Potential Usage of Pomegranate Seed Flour in the Beef Patties

Sığır eti köftelerinde nar çekirdeğinin kullanım potansiyelini belirlemek amacıyla nar çekirdeği ununun (NÇ; %0, 1, 2, 3), sığır eti köftelerinin fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Köfteler, sığır eti, sığır et yağı ve baharatlar kullanılarak elde yapılmıştır. Köftelerin pişirilmesinde elektrikli ızgara türü bir ısıtıcı kullanılmıştır. Çiğ sığır eti köftelerinde, makro gıda bileşenlerinin oranları, pH ve enstrümental renk değerleri belirlenmiştir. Pişmiş köftelerde ise, makro gıda bileşenlerinin oranları, pH, çap küçülmesi, pişirme verimi ve duyusal analizler yapılmıştır. Çiğ köftelerde NÇ oranının artması, nem, L ve b değerlerinin azalmasına neden olmuştur. Ayrıca, NÇ ilavesi pişmiş köftelerin nem değerlerini düşürürken, çap küçülmesini kısmen engellemiştir. Bununla birlikte, NÇ ilavesi sığır eti köftelerinin duyusal özellikleri üzerinde önemli bir farklılığa neden olmamıştır

Sığır Eti Köftelerinde Nar Çekirdeği Ununun Kullanım Potansiyelinin Araştırılması

In order to determine the potential usage of pomegranate seeds in the beef patties, the effects of pomegranate seed flour (PSF; 0, 1, 2, 3%) on the physical, chemical, and sensory properties of beef patties were investigated. Patties were prepared using beef, beef fat, and spices. They were produced as handmade. Raw beef patties were cooked on a preheated electric grill. Effects of the PSF on the proximate composition, pH and instrumental colour values of raw beef patties were determined. Moreover, dimension reduction, cooking yield and sensory properties of cooked beef patties were studied. Increasing amounts of PSF in the raw beef patties decreased moisture, L and b values. Moreover, the addition of PSF decreased moisture and dimension reduction values of cooked beef patties. The addition of PSF did not cause a significant difference on the sensory properties of beef patties

___

  • [1] Lansky, E. P., Newman, R. A., Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 109, 177–206, 2007.
  • [2] Al-Zoreky, N. S., Antimicrobial activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit peels, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 134, 244-288, 2009.
  • [3] Çam, M., Hışıl, Y., Durmaz, G., Classification of eight pomegranate juices based on antioxidant capacity measured by four methods, Food Chemistry, 112, 721- 726, 2009.
  • [4] Viuda-Martos, M., Fernández-López J., Pérez-Álvarez, J. A., Pomegranate and its Many Functional Components as Related to Human Health: A Review, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9, 635-654, 2010.
  • [5] He, L., Xu, H., Liu, X., He, W., Yuan, F., Hou Z., Gao, Y., Identification of phenolic compounds from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed residues and investigation into their antioxidant capacities by HPLC–ABTS+ assay, Food Research International, 44, 1161-1167, 2011.
  • [6] Gölükcü, M., Tokgöz H., Kıralan, M., Ülkemizde yetiştirilen önemli nar (Punica granatum) çeşitlerine ait çekirdeklerin bazı özellikleri ve yağ asidi bileşimleri (in Turkish). TÜBİTAK, Project No: 106O265, Antalya, 2007.
  • [7] Naveena B. M., Sen, A. R., Vaithiyanathan, S., Babji Y., Kondaiah, N., Comparative efficacy of pomegranate juice, pomegranate rind powder extract and BHT as antioxidants in cooked chicken patties, Meat Science, 80, 1304-1308, 2008.
  • [8] Devatkal, S. K., Naveena, B. M., Effect of salt, kinnow and pomegranate fruit by-product powders on color and oxidative stability of raw ground goat meat during refrigerated storage, Meat Science, 85, 306-311, 2010.
  • [9] Hayrapetyan, H., Hazeleger, W. C., Beumer, R. R., Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract in meat paté at different temperatures, Food Control, 23, 66-72, 2012.
  • [10] Vaithiyanathan, S., Naveena, B. M., Muthukumar, M., Girish P. S., Kondaiah, N., Effect of dipping in pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit juice phenolic solution on the shelf life of chicken meat under refrigerated storage (4°C), Meat Science, 88, 409-414, 2011.
  • [11] Bañón, S., Díaz, P., Rodríguez, M., Garrido M. D., Price A., Ascorbate, green tea and grape seed extracts increase the shelf life of low sulphite beef patties, Meat Science, 77, 626-633, 2007.
  • [12] Özvural, E. B., Vural, H., Grape seed flour is a viable ingredient to improve the nutritional profile and reduce lipid oxidation of frankfurters, Meat science, 88, 179- 183, 2011.
  • [13] Kulkarni, S., DeSantos, F. A., Kattamuri, S., Rossi S. J., Brewer, M. S., Effect of grape seed extract on oxidative, color and sensory stability of a pre-cooked, frozen, re-heated beef sausage model system, Meat science, 88, 139-144, 2011.
  • [14] Kurt, Ş., Kılınççeker, O., The effects of cereal and legume flours on the quality characteristics of beef patties, Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 18, 725-730, 2012.
  • [15] Devatkal S. K., Narsaiah K., Borah, A., Anti-oxidant effect of extracts of kinnow rind, pomegranate rind and seed powders in cooked goat meat patties, Meat Science, 85, 155-159, 2010
  • [16] Ockerman, H. W., pH measurement. In, Quality Control of Postmortem Muscle Tissue. Vol. 2, 2nd ed., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 1985.
  • [17] AOAC, Official methods of analysis of AOAC international (17.Edition). USA, 2000.
  • [18] Dogan, I. S., Factors affecting wafer sheet quality, International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 41, 569-576, 2006.
  • [19] Yetim, H., Kesmen, Z., Food analysis; The sensory analysis of foods (2. Ed., in Turkish). University of Erciyes, Publication No: 163, Kayseri-Turkey, 2009.
  • [20] El-Nemr, S. E., Ismail, I. A., Ragab, M., Chemical composition of juice and seeds of pomegranate fruit, Food / Nahrung, 34, 601-606, 1990.
  • [21] Gölükçü, M., Tokgöz, H., Çelikyurt, M. A., Nar çekirdeğinin bazı özellikleri ve nar çekirdeği yağının yağ asiti bileşimi (in Turkish), Derim 2, 33-40, 2005.
  • [22] Legua, P., Melgarejo, P., Martínez, M., Hernández, F., Evolution of anthociyanin content of four pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) during fruit development. In : Melgarejo P. (ed.), Martín ez-Nicolás J.J. (ed.), Martín ez-Tomé J. (ed.). Production, processing and marketing of pomegranate in the Mediterranean region: Advances in research and technology. Zaragoza : CIHEAM, 2000. p. 93-97 (Option s Méditerran éen n es : Série A. Sémin aires Méditerran éen s; n . 42 ), 2000.
  • [23] Mir, M. M., Umar, I., Mir, S. A., Rehman, M. U., Rather, G. H., Banday, S. A., Quality Evaluation Of Pomegranate Crop - A Review, International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 14, 658-667, 2012.