Adıyaman İl Merkezinde Elektromanyetik Kirliliğin Ölçülmesi

Bu araştırmada, Adıyaman il merkezinde Atatürk Bulvarı boyunca (5750 m) 250 m aralıklarla, 24 farklı yerlerde elektrik alan şiddeti (E), manyetik alan şiddeti (H) ve eşdeğer düzlem dalga güç yoğunluğu (S) ölçümleri yapıldı. Seçilen yerlerde elektrik alan şiddetini, manyetik alan şiddetini ve güç yoğunluğunu ölçmek için, Spectran HF60105 V4 taşınabilir spektrum analizörü kullanıldı. Ölçümler, aynı yerde aynı gün içerisinde sabah 10.00-12.00 ve öğleden sonra 17.00-19.00 saatlerinde olmak üzere günde iki kez yapıldı. Her bir ölçümün anlamlı olabilmesi için ulusal ve uluslararası kurumların önerdiği gibi, ölçümler en az altışar dakika boyunca yapıldı. Bulunan sonuçlar, Türkiye Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu (BTK), Uluslararası İyonlaştırıcı Olmayan Radyasyondan Korunma Komisyonu (ICNIRP) ve Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisleri Enstitüsü/Federal İletişim Komisyonu (IEEE/FCC) tarafından belirlenen limit değerleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Ölçümlerden elde edilen değerlerin tamamının (E, H ve S) BTK, ICNIRP ve IEEE/FCC gibi ulusal ve uluslararası kurumlar tarafından belirlenen limit değerlerden daha küçük olduğu tespit edildi

Measurement of Electromagnetic Pollution in Adıyaman City Centre

In this study, the measurements of the electric field strength, magnetic field strength and the equivalent plane wave power density in 24 different locations, with 250 m intervals, throughout Atatürk Boulevards (5750 m) in the centre of Adıyaman province were performed. Spectran HF-60105 V4 portable spectrum analyzer was used to measure the electric field strengths (E), magnetic field strengths (H) and the equivalent plane wave power densities (S) in selected locations. Measurements were performed on the same day and at the same locations for two different time intervals including one in the morning (10.00-12.00) and another in the afternoon (17.00-19.00). Each measurement lasted at least six minutes as advised by national and international organizations to obtain a significant result. The obtained results were compared to the limit values defined by the Turkish Information Technologies and Communications Authority (BTK), International Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Commission (ICNIRP) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers/Federal Communications Commission (IEEE/FCC). It was determined that all of the values obtained from measurements (E, H and S) were smaller than the limit values for non-ionizing radiation as defined by national and international institutions such as BTK, ICNIRP and IEEE/FCC

___

  • [1] Agarwal, A., Cell phones and male infertility: dissecting the relationship, RBM Online, 15(3), 266-270, 2007.
  • [2] Akbal, A., Balık, H. H., Investigation of Antibacterial Effects of Electromagnetic Waves Emitted by Mobile Phones, Polish Journal of Environment Studies, 22(6), 1589-1594, 2013.
  • [3] Akbal, A., Kıran, Y., Sahin, A., Turgut-Balik, D., Balık, H. H., Effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones Germination, root growth and root tip cell mitotic division of lens culinary Medic, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 21(1), 23-29, 2012.
  • [4] Burch, J. B., Reif, J. S., Noonan, C. W., Ichinose, T., Bachand, A. M., Koleber, T. L., Yost, M. G., Melatonin metabolite excretion among cellular telephone users, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 78, 1029-1036, 2002.
  • [5] Bormusov, E., P. Andley, U., Sharon, N. et al., Non-thermal electromagnetic radiation damage to lens epithelium, The Open Ophthalmology Journal, 21(2), 102- 106, 2008.
  • [6] Belyaev, I. Y., Markovà, E., Hillert, L., Malmgren, L. O., Persson, B. R., Microwaves from UMTS/GSM mobile phones induce long-lasting inhibition of 53BP1/gamma- H2AX DNA repair foci in human lymphocytes, Bioelectromagnetics, 30(2), 129-141, 2009.
  • [7] Cevizli, E., GSM iletişiminde RF radyasyon etkileri. Master Thesis, Gebze High Technology Institute, Institute of Engineering and Science, Physics Department, Kocaeli, 2009
  • [8] Divan, H. A., Kheifets, L., Obel, C., Olsen, J., Cell phone use and behavioural problems in young children, Journal Epidemiology and Community Health, 66(6), 524-529, 2010.
  • [9] Djeridane, Y., Touitou, Y., de Seze, R., Influence of electromagnetic fields emitted by GSM-900 cellular telephones on the circadian patterns of gonadal, adrenal and pituitary hormones in men, Radiat. Res. 169, 337-343, 2008.
  • [10] Federal Communications Commission, FCC 96-326, Guidelines for Evaluating the Environmental, August 1, 1996.
  • [11] Güçlü, G., 50 Hz Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects, Master Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Energy Institute, Energy Science and Technology Department, Energy Science and Technology Program, 2011.
  • [12] IARC (WHO), Interphone study reports on mobile phone use and brain cancer risk, Basın Duyurusu No. 200, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France, 2010.
  • [13] IEEE, IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz IEEE Int. Committee on Electromagnetic Safety, pp 1-238, 2006.
  • [14] ICNIRP, Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz), Health Phys. 74, 494-522, 1998.
  • [15] Information Technologies and Communications Authority (BTK), Determination of Exposure Limit Values of Electromagnetic Field Strength from Electronic Communication Devices according to International Standards, Regulation about Control and Audit, Development of the Prime Ministry Legislation and General Directorate of Broadcasting, April 21, 2011, Official Gazette, Issue: 27912, 2011.
  • [16] İnce, T., Electromagnetic Pollution, Electrical Engineering, Master Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2007.
  • [17] Kamenetz, A. A., Is for App: How Smartphone, Handheld Computers Sparked an Educational Revolution, 2010. http://www.innovationsforlearning.org/overview.php
  • [18] Mollaoğlu, M., Fertelli, T. K., Tuncay, F. Ö., The Impact of Mobile Phone Usage on Sleep Quality, Health and Society, 21(2), 34-40, 2011.
  • [19] Moulder, J. E., Erdreich, L. S., Malyapa, R. S., Merritt, J., Pickard, W. F. and Vijayalaxmi, Cell phones and Cancer. What is the evidence for a connection?, Radiat. Res., 151, 513-531, 1999.
  • [20] Söğüt, Ö., Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Strength in Kindergartens in Kahramanmaraş City Center, KSÜ Research Projects Coordination Unit, Kahramanmaraş, 2016.
  • [21] Şahin, Ö., Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Strength in the Centre of Kahramanmaraş and Its the Mapping, M.Sc. Thesis, KSÜ, Institute of Science and Technology, Bioengineering Sciences Department, Kahramanmaraş, 2016.
  • [22] Yağmur, F., Bozbıyık, A., Hancı, İ. H., Effects of electromagnetic waves on human biochemistry, Sted, 12(8), 297, 2003.
  • [23] TÜBİTAK-BİLTEN, 2001.
  • [24] Van Leeuwen, G. M., Lagendijk, J. J., Van Leersum, B. J., Zwamborn, A. P., Horns-leth, S. N., Kotte, A. N., Calculation of chance in brain temperatures due to exposure to a mobile phone, Phys. Med. Biol., 44, 2367-2379, 1999.
  • [25] Wargo, J., Taylor, H. S., Alderman, N., Wargo, L., Bradley, J. M., Addiss, S., Environment and Human Health, INC., 1191 Ridge Road, North Haven, CT 06473, 2012. http://www.ieee.org/oops.html; (10.10.2015).
  • [26] WHO, Electromagnetic fields and public health: Mobile phones, 2014. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs193/en/; (28.06.2016).
  • [27] WHO, 2006. Environmental Health Criteria (series; e.g. monograph No. 238). www.who.int/ipcs/publications/ehc/en/index.html
  • [28] WHO. IARC classifies radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans, 31.05.2011. http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2011/pdfs/pr208_E.pdf
  • 29] WHO, Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data, Establishing A Dialogue on Risks from Electromagnetic Fields Radiation and Environmental Health, Department of Protection of the Human Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2002.