Karbonmonoksit Kaynaklarının ve Meteorolojik Değişikliklerin Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmelerine Etkisi: Retrospektif Çalışma

Amaç: Karbonmonoksid (CO) zehirlenmelerine, özellikle soğuk havalarda olmak üzere acil servis birimlerinde sıklıkla karşılaşılır. Çalışmamızda, bazı meteorolojik faktörlerin CO zehirlenmesinin kaynakları ile ilişkisini araştırdık. Yöntem: Retrospektif gözlemsel çalışmamızda, son üç yılda acil servise CO zehirlenmesi ile başvuran 1153 hastayı dahil edildi. Bölgenin atmosferik basıncı, rüzgarın yönü ve hızı, nem düzeyi ve hava sıcaklığı değerleri ve CO zehirlenme tipi karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 39,5±16,3; kadın cinsiyet %65,7 (n=761) idi. CO kaynağının kaynağı en sık doğalgaz ısıtıcıları (n=628; %54,4); daha sonra ocak (n=393; %34,1), şofben (n=94; %8,4) ve yangındı (n=38; %3,3). En sık görülen rüzgar yönü kuzey-kuzeydoğu yönü (poyraz)idi. Atmosferik basınç tüm zehirlenme tiplerinde benzerdi. Yangınlarda nem düzeyleri istatistiksel anlamlı düşüktü ve hava sıcaklığı anlamlı yüksekti. Rüzgar hızı yangın tipinde en hızlı ve şofben tipinde en yavaştı. Sonuç: Karbonmonoksid zehirlenmeleri ciddi morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olabilen acil servis başvuru nedenlerindendir. Başlıca nedeni ev ısıtıcılarıdır. Risk altındaki insanlar CO zehirlenmeleri hakkında ve önemli meteorolojik değişikliklerde ısıtıcaların riskleri hakkında bilgilendirilmelidir. Zehirlenme bulguları görüldüğünde acil servise başvurulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

atmosferik basınç, CO zehirlenmesi, sıcaklık, rüzgar, yangın

The Effect of Carbonmonoxide Sources and Meteorologic Changes in Carbonmonoxide Intoxication: A Retrospective Study

Objective: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is frequently seen in emergency departments (ED) especially in cold weather. We investigated the relationship of some of the meteorological factors with the sources of CO poisoning. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we included 1153 patients who were admitted to ED due to CO poisoning in a three year period. Atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, humidity level and air temperature of the region at exposure time were compared with CO poisoning type. Results: Mean age of the patients was 39.5±16.3; females were 65.7% (n=761) of the patients. Most frequent source of CO was natural gas heaters (n=628; 54.4%); others were stove (n=393; 34.1%), geyser (n=94; 8.4%) and blaze (n=38; 3.3%). Most frequent direction of the wind was North-North-East (euroclydon). Atmospheric pressure was similar in all of the poisoning types; in blaze, humidity levels was significantly lower, air temperature was significantly higher. Wind speed was faster in blaze and slowest in geyser type poisoning. Conclusion: Carbon monoxide poisoning is an important cause of emergency visits which can result in serious morbidity or mortality. Main sources are home heating systems. People should be informed about the risks of these heaters and symptoms of CO poisoning and also in case of important meteorological changes. They should apply to an ED in case of occurrence of intoxication symptoms.

Keywords:

CO intoxication, atmospheric pressure, humidity, temperature, wind,

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