Türkiye’de Sosyal ve Dijital Girişimcilik: Veri Kazıma Teknikleriyle Kitle Fonlaması Platformlarının İçerik Analizi

Dijitalleşen dünyada yeni nesil girişimcilik modeli olarak sunulan kitle fonlaması (KF) modeli iş fikirlerinin gerçekleştirilebilmesi noktasında büyük fayda sağlamaktadır. Zamanla kullanıcı ilgisinin artmasıyla birlikte popülerleşen KF için yurtdışında olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de birçok platform kurulmuştur. Kurulan web platformlarında toplanan fonların proje oluşturucuları tarafından kullanılabilmesi, projenin başarı durumuna bağlıdır. Projelerin başarısı KF ekosistemi için önemli bir yere sahip olduğundan dolayı, çalışma içerisinde platformlara göre başarı analizi yapılarak kategoriye göre dağılımlar, fonlamaya göre dağılımlar, özniteliklere göre dağılımlar, konumlara göre dağılımlar ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu doğrultuda,Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren Fongogo, Crowdfon, Buluşum, Fonbulucu, Arıkovanı, Ideanest platformlarındaki 1635 KF projesi, öznitelikleri ve meta alanlarıyla birlikte veri kazıma teknikleriyle toplanıp içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, yaklaşık 21 milyon TL’lik bir değere sahip olan Türkiye’deki kitle fonlaması ekosisteminde proje kampanyalarının başarı oranı %23,18’tir. Projeler en çok teknoloji, kültür-sanat ve film- video-fotoğraf kategorilerinde yayınlanmakta olup en başarılı kategori %34,36 ile film-video-fotoğraf kategorisidir. Projeler konumlarına göre değerlendirildiğinde, en başarılı bölge %30,25 başarı yüzdesiyle Marmara bölgesidir. Ayrıca destekçiler bir projenin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için ortalama 530 TL fon sağlamaktadır ve başarılı proje başına yaklaşık olarak 55.000 TL fon düşmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular Türkiye’deki KF platformlarındaki proje ve kullanıcı sayısının geçmişe göre arttığını fakat başarı oranının gözle görülür bir biçimde düştüğünü göstermektedir. Bu nedenle KF platformları için öneriler çalışma içerisinde tartışılmıştır.

Social and Digital Entrepreneurship in Turkey: Content Analysis of Crowdfunding Platforms with Data Scraping Techniques

The crowdfunding (CF) model, which is presented as a new generation entrepreneurship model in the digitalizing world, provides great benefits in realizing business ideas. Many platforms have been established in Turkey as well as abroad for CF, which has become popular with the increase in user interest over time. The use of the funds collected on the established web platforms by the project creators depends on the success of the project. Since the success of the projects has an important place for the CF ecosystem, the distributions by category, distribution by funding, distribution by attributes, distributions according to locations were revealed by performing a success analysis according to platforms in the study. In this direction, the 1635 CF projects operating in Turkey on Fongogo, Crowdfon, Buluşum, Fonbulucu, Arıkovanı, Ideanest platforms, together with their features and meta fields, were collected using data scraping techniques and analyzed using content analysis method. According to the results of the study, the success rate of project campaigns in the crowdfunding ecosystem in Turkey, which has a value of approximately 21 million TL, is 23.18%. The projects are mostly published in the categories of technology, culture- art and film-video-photo, with the most successful category being the category of film-video-photo with 34.36%. When the projects are evaluated according to their locations, the most successful region is the Marmara region with a success rate of 30.25%. In addition, supporters provide an average of 530 TL in funds for the realization of a project, and approximately 55,000 TL in funds per successful project. The findings show that the number of projects and users on CF platforms in Turkey has increased compared to the past, but the success rate has decreased noticeably. Therefore, recommendations for CF platforms are discussed in the study.

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