Türkiye’de Hastane Kanalizasyonundan İzole Edilen Aeromonas hydrophila ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa Suşlarının Sefalosporin ve Ağır Metal Dirençliliğinin Araştırılması

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de bir üniversite hastane kanalizasyonundan 89 adet Aeromonas hydrophila ve 88 adet Pseudomonas aeruginosa suşu izole edilmiştir. Bu bakteriyal izolatların dört kuşağa ait 11 farklı sınıf sefalosporin antibiyotiğine ve 4 farklı ağır metale karşı dirençliliği araştırılmıştır. Kullanılan ağır metaller kadmiyum, kurşun, manganez ve çinkodur. A. hydrophila izolatları arasında sefazoline (%98,9), sefaklora (%98,9) ve sefprozile (%97,8) karşı yüksek insidansta dirençlilik bulunmuştur. Sefoksitin (%30,3), sefepim (%30,3) ve saftazidime (%31,4), karşı dirençlilik daha düşük bulunmuştur. P. aeruginosa izolatları arasında sefazoline, sefuroksime, sefaklora ve sefoksitine dirençlilik (%100) olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, sefprozile (%98,7), sefiksime (%96,6) ve seftizoksime (%85,2), oranında karşı dirençlilik tespit edilmiştir. Hiçbir P. aeruginosa izolatı seftazidim, sefepim ve sefpiroma karşı dirençlilik göstermemiştir. A. hydrophila izolatları arasında çoklu antibiyotik dirençliliği (ÇAD) indeksi 0,27 den 1,0’e kadar ve P. aeruginosa ÇAD indeksi 0,46’dan 0,72 aralığında değişiklik göstermiştir. Tüm A. hydrophila ve P. aeruginosa izolatları kadmiyuma karşı dirençlilik göstermiştir. A. hydrophila ve P. aeruginosa izolatları kurşuna karşı sırasıyla %6,7 ve %2,2 oranında düşük dirençlilik göstermişlerdir. Sonuçlar her iki türün de hastane kanalizasyonundan kolaylıkla izole edilebildiğini ve bu türlerin farklı kuşak sefalosporinlere ve ağır metallere karşı dirençlilik kazandığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antibiyotik dirençliliği, Ağır metal dirençliliği

Investigation of Cephalosporin and Heavy Metal Resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Hospital Sewage in Türkiye

In this study, 89 strains of Aeromonas hydrophila and 88 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from the sewage of a university hospital in Turkey. The resistance of these bacterial isolates to 11 different cephalosporin classes’ antibiotics belonging to four generations and to 4 heavy metals was investigated. Cadmium, lead, manganese, and zinc are the heavy metals employed. There was a high incidence of resistance to cefazolin (98.9%), cefaclor (98.9%), and cefprozil (97.8%) among the A. hydrophila isolates. Lower resistance to cefoxitin (30.3%), cefepime (30.3%), and ceftazidime (31.4%) were found. Cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefaclor, and cefoxitin resistance was found to be (100%) among the P. aeruginosa isolates. Moreover, resistance rates to cefprozil (98.9%), cefixime (96.6%), and ceftizoxime (85.2%) were detected. No isolates of P. aeruginosa were showed resistance to ceftazidime, cefepime and cefpirome. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexes ranged from 0.27 to 1.0 among A. hydrophila isolates and from 0.46 to 0.72 among P. aeruginosa isolates. All of the A. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa isolates showed resistance to cadmium. A. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa isolates showed low resistance to lead of 6.7% and 2.2% respectively. Results indicate that both species are easily recovered in hospital sewage and these species gained resistance to different generations of cephalosporins and heavy metals.

Keywords:

Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antibiotic resistance, Heavy metal resistance,

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