SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANI VE HOMOFOBİ KAVRAMI

Eşcinsellik, insan cinsel yaşamının üzerinde çok tartışılan boyutlarından biridir. Yoğun tartışmalar sonucunda XIX. Yüzyıl sonlarından başlayarak bir hastalık kategorisi olarak kabul edilmiş, 1992 yılında Dünya Sağlık Örgütünce hastalık kategorisi olmaktan çıkarılıncaya kadar tedavi edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Buna rağmen toplumun her kesiminde eşcinselliğin psikiyatrik bir bozukluk, sapkınlık, hastalık veya dejenere bir davranış olduğuna dair çeşitli inançlara bağlı olumsuz tutum ve yargılara rastlanmaktadır. Olumsuz tutum ve yargılar nedeniyle eşcinsel bireylerin ayrımcılık ve damgalamaya uğradıkları çok sayıda araştırmada gösterilmektedir. Eşcinsellere karşı gösterilen olumsuz tutum ve yargıların altında yatan önemli bir neden homofobidir. Homofobi; homoseksüellere ya da homoseksüalite kavramına karşı korku ya da olumsuz his ve tutumlar anlamında kullanılan bir terimdir. Heteroseksüeliteyi tercih etmeyen homoseksüeller; homofobinin açık ya da çoğu zaman örtülü biçimde sergilendiği tüm toplumlarda aşağılanmalara maruz kalırlar. Her kültürün cinsel yönelimler konusunda normları olduğu gibi Türk toplumunda da bu konudaki tutumlar bireylerin davranışlarına yansımaktadır. Sağlık çalışanlarının konuya bakışları toplumun bakış açısından etkilenmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, homofobik tutum ve davranışların sağlık çalışanlarında da yaygın olduğu, sağlık çalışanlarının aldıkları eğitim süresince eşcinsellik ve cinsellik ile ilgili yetersiz bilgi sahibi oldukları; bu nedenle eşcinsel bireylerin sağlık sisteminde mağdur olabildikleri gösterilmektedir. Sağlık çalışanlarının olumsuz yaklaşımları nedeniyle eşcinsel bireyler, sağlık sisteminin gizlilik ilkesine güvenmemekte, bu nedenle de sağlık hizmetlerinden yaralanmaktan çekinmektedirler.

Health Worker and Homophobia

Homosexuality is one of the most discussed dimensions of humans sexual life. It was accepted as a disease category, starting from the end of the 19th Century, and efforts were spent to cure it, until removed from being a disease category by the World Health Organization, in the year 1992. Nevertheless, negative attitudes and judgments, connected to various beliefs, considering homosexuality as a psychiatric disorder, a perversion, a disease or a degenerate behavior, are encountered in every segment of the society.It can be seen in many researches that homosexual individuals are discriminated and stigmatized because of negative attitudes and viewpoints. An important reason that lies behind the negative attitudes and viewpoints towards homosexuality is homophobia. Homophobia is an expression used to describe the fear or negative feelings and attitudes towards homosexuals or the concept of homosexuality. Homosexuals are subjected to humiliation in all societies in which homophobia is displayed in an open manner, or most frequently in an implicit manner. As each culture have some norms related to sexual orientation, attitudes about this issue reflect on the behaviors of individuals in Turkish society also. The outlooks of healthcare professionals on this issue affects from the viewpoint of the society. In the studies it is shown that homophobic attitudes and behaviors are also common among healthcare professionals, their knowledge about homosexuality and sex is insufficient and as a result homosexual individuals might be mistreated in the healthcare system. Homosexual individuals dont trust the principle of privacy of the healthcare system because of the negative attitudes of healthcare professionals and therefore, they hold off benefiting from healthcare services.

Keywords:

health worker, homophobia,

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