CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRACTICES IN TURKEY AND THEIR POTENTIAL INTERACTION WITH CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION

Circular economy is the wise use of all resources, especially natural resources, while increasing efficiency as well as reducing waste. As the circular economy serves the requirements of corporate social responsibility, it has become a prevalent approach in recent years and has begun to be included in the strategies and statements of corporations. However, while being clearly expressed as a concept, when it comes to actual implementation, circular economy practices cannot be listed down in a comprehensive way and corporations are usually faced with uncertainty in this regard. In line with its global development, corporations in Turkey have started to utter the word more frequently. This study looks into that already existing circular economy methods in Turkey and discusses their potential impact. These are namely, organized industrial zones, industrial zones and others as clusters, free trade zones, Techno Parks and industrial symbiosis examples. Furthermore, the afore listed tools of circular economy are discussed based on their potential in respect to near future sector-based implications of increasing focus on climate change.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

corporate social responsibility, circular economy, climate change

CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRACTICES IN TURKEY AND THEIR POTENTIAL INTERACTION WITH CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION

Keywords:

corporate social responsibility, circular economy, climate change,

PDF

___

Alonso-Almeida, M. del M., Rodriguez-Anton, J. M., Bagur-Femenías, L., & Perramon, J. (2021). Institutional entrepreneurship enablers to promote circular economy in the European Union: Impacts on transition towards a more circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124841
Bacak, Ç , Altaş, F . (2011). Kümelenme Politikaları ve Öneriler. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi , 2 (2) , 1-13 . DOI: 10.18354/esam.81741
Barros, M. V., Salvador, R., do Prado, G. F., de Francisco, A. C., & Piekarski, C. M. (2021). Circular economy as a driver to sustainable businesses. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2(December 2020), 100006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cesys.2020.100006
Bjørnbet, M. M., Skaar, C., Fet, A. M., & Schulte, K. Ø. (2021). Circular economy in manufacturing companies: A review of case study literature. Journal of Cleaner Production, 294, 126268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126268
Buchmann-Duck, J., & Beazley, K. F. (2020). An urgent call for circular economy advocates to acknowledge its limitations in conserving biodiversity. Science of the Total Environment, 727, 138602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138602
Butturi, M. A., Lolli, F., Sellitto, M. A., Balugani, E., Gamberini, R., & Rimini, B. (2019). Renewable energy in eco-industrial parks and urban-industrial symbiosis: A literature review and a conceptual synthesis. Applied Energy, 255(June), 113825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113825
Carson, R., Darling, L., Darling, L., Houghton Mifflin Company,, & Riverside Press (Cambridge, Mass.),. (1962).
Catalbas, M. C., Kocak, B., & Yenipınar, B. (2021). Analysis of photovoltaic-green roofs in OSTIM industrial zone. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, xxxx, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.01.205
Chen, Y., Ma, J., Miao, C., & Ruan, X. (2020). Occurrence and environmental impact of industrial agglomeration on regional soil heavy metalloid accumulation: A case study of the Zhengzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone (ZETZ), China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 245, 118676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118676
Chertow, M.R., 2007. “ uncovering ” industrial symbiosis. J. Ind. Ecol. 11, 11-30. De Angelis, R. (2021). Circular economy and paradox theory: A business model perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285, 124823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124823
Durán-Romero, G., López, A. M., Beliaeva, T., Ferasso, M., Garonne, C., & Jones, P. (2020). Bridging the gap between circular economy and climate change mitigation policies through eco-innovations and Quintuple Helix Model. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 160(August), 120246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120246
Dursun, M., Goker, N., & Tulek, B. D. (2019). Efficiency analysis of organized industrial zones in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 68(November 2018), 100659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2018.10.010 EBK (2002) https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.4737.pdf retrieved on March 1st, 2021.
Eslamizadeh, S., Ghorbani, A., Künneke, R., & Weijnen, M. (2020). Can industries be parties in collective action? Community energy in an Iranian industrial zone. Energy Research and Social Science, 70(September), 101763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101763
Fan, Y., & Fang, C. (2020). Assessing environmental performance of eco-industrial development in industrial parks. Waste Management, 107, 219–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.008
Fayomi, G. U., Wusu, O., Mini, S. E., Fayomi, O. S. I., & Kilanko, O. (2018). Data analysis on the level of exposure to pollutions in industrial zone: A case study of Ewekoro and Ota Township. Data in Brief, 19, 859–864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.078
Fitch-Roy, O., Benson, D., & Monciardini, D. (2021). All around the world: Assessing optimality in comparative circular economy policy packages. Journal of Cleaner Production, 286, 125493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125493
Fouladi, J., AlNouss, A., & Al-Ansari, T. (2021). Sustainable energy-water-food nexus integration and optimisation in eco-industrial parks. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 146, 107229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107229
Genc, O., Kurt, A., Yazan, D. M., & Erdis, E. (2020). Circular eco-industrial park design inspired by nature: An integrated non-linear optimization, location, and food web analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 270(May), 110866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110866
Giannecchini, P., & Taylor, I. (2018). The eastern industrial zone in Ethiopia: Catalyst for development? Geoforum, 88(November 2016), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.11.003
Grafström, J., & Aasma, S. (2021). Breaking circular economy barriers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126002
Guo, Y., Tian, J., & Chen, L. (2020). Water-energy nexus in China’s industrial parks. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 153(February 2019), 104551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104551
Gupta, H., Kumar, A., & Wasan, P. (2021). Industry 4.0, Cleaner Production and Circular Economy: an integrative framework for evaluating ethical and sustainable business performance of manufacturing organizations. Journal of Cleaner Production, 295, 126253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126253 IASP. The International Association of Science Parks. (2021) https://www.iasp.ws/ retrieved on March 1, 2021.
IPCC, 2014. Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Ipcc (2014).
Hong, H., & Gasparatos, A. (2020). Eco-industrial parks in China: Key institutional aspects, sustainability impacts, and implementation challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production, 274, 122853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122853
Hu, W., Guo, Y., Tian, J., & Chen, L. (2020). Energy and water saving potentials in industrial parks by an infrastructure-integrated symbiotic model. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 161(May), 104992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104992
Hu, W., Tian, J., & Chen, L. (2020) b. An industrial structure adjustment model to facilitate high-quality development of an eco-industrial park. Science of the Total Environment, 766, 142502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142502
Jin, Y., Tang, Z., Zhou, Q., Zeng, H., & Mo, S. (2020). A government value compensation model of waste recycling in an industrial park: A game theory approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 275, 122976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122976
Jato-Espino, D., & Ruiz-Puente, C. (2021). Bringing Facilitated Industrial Symbiosis and Game Theory together to strengthen waste exchange in industrial parks. Science of the Total Environment, 771, 145400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145400
Kern, F., Sharp, H., & Hachmann, S. (2020). Governing the second deep transition towards a circular economy: How rules emerge, align and diffuse. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 37(September), 171–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2020.08.008
Marco-Fondevila, M., Llena-Macarulla, F., Callao-Gastón, S., & Jarne-Jarne, J. I. (2021). Are circular economy policies actually reaching organizations? Evidence from the largest Spanish companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124858
MOE (2021). https://www.trade.gov.tr retrieved on March 1st, 2021
OSBUK (2021). https://osbuk.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/12MART2021.pdf retrieved on March 1st, 2021
Ozkan, A , Günkaya, Z , Özdemir, A , Banar, M . (2018). Sanayide Temiz Üretim ve Döngüsel Ekonomiye Geçişte Endüstriyel Simbiyoz Yaklaşımı. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology B - Theoretical Sciences , 6 (1) , 84-97 . DOI: 10.20290/aubtdb.332377
Sosnovskikh, S. (2017). Industrial clusters in Russia: The development of special economic zones and industrial parks. Russian Journal of Economics, 3(2), 174–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ruje.2017.06.004
Stern, N. H., & Great Britain. (2007). The economics of climate change: The Stern review. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
UNIDO, 2017. Implementation Handbook for Eco-Industrial Parks. United Nations Industrial Development organization.
Yasar, O., (2013) Turkish Studies - International Periodical For The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 8/6, p. 779-805.
Walcott, S. M. (2020). Industrial Parks. In International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (Second Edition, Vol. 7). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102295-5.10084-8
WCED. World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zhao, R., Peng, H., & Jiao, W. (2021). Dynamics of long-term policy implementation of Eco-transformation of industrial parks in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 280, 124364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124364