ABD Ticaret Politikasındaki Değişim: Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi Açıklama Kapasitesine Sahip mi?

Bu makale 19. Yüzyıldan bugüne Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD)’nin dış ticaret politikasına odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı zaman içinde ABD’nin dış ticaret politikalarının neden değiştiğini açıklamak ve Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi’nin bu değişimi açıklama kapasitesini test etmektir. Makale ilk olarak Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi’nin hegemonların uluslararası ticaret politikası ile ilgili temel görüşlerini ele alacaktır. Teorinin bir hegemonun hegemonyasının değişik dönemlerinde ticaret politikaları ile ilgili tartıştıklarına değinildikten sonra, ABD hegemonyasının değişik dönemleri incelenecektir. Trump döneminde izlenilen ticaret politikası da özellikle irdelenecektir. Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisinin ABD’nin ticaret politikasındaki değişimleri ne derece açıklayabildiği eleştirel olarak değerlendirilecektir. Çalışma temel olarak, Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi’nin ABD’nin ticaret politikasındaki değişimi bir dereceye kadar açıklayabildiğini, bu değişiklikleri tam anlamıyla açıklayabilmek için ABD’nin iç politika dinamiklerini incelemenin gerekli olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD), Ticaret Politikaları, Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi, Serbest Ticaret, Korumacılık, Trump

The Ebb and Flow in the US Trade Policy: Does The Hegemonic Stability Theory Have Explanatory Power?

This article focuses on the trade policy of the United States (US) from the end of the 19th century until today. It aims to account for the ebb and flow in the trade policy of the US over time and test the explanatory power of the Hegemonic Stability Theory (HST) to explain this change. The study first sheds light on the main premises of the HST on the trade policy of hegemons. After discussing what the theory says for the trade policy of a hegemonic power in different periods of its hegemony, the study focuses on different periods of the US hegemony. A special focus is given to the US trade policy under Trump. A critical examination on the HST is provided by exploring how the different arguments of the theory perform when they meet the reality of changes in US trade policy over time. As a concluding remark, the study argues that although the HST can account for the changes in the US trade policy to some extent, there is the need to go beyond it and to focus on the dynamics of the US domestic politics as well to understand the trade policy of Washington in its fullest sense.

Keywords:

The United States (US), Trade Policy, Hegemonic Stability Theory, Free Trade, Protectionism, Trump,

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