Fatma USLU GÜLŞEN, Ayhan AYDIN, Sıdıka GİZİR

Türkiye’de Yükseköğretimde Okul Terki: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Bu çalışmada yükseköğretimde lisans düzeyinde okulu terk eden bireylerin bakış açısından, okulu terk etme kararında etkili olan etkenler ve bu etkenler arası ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu yükseköğretimde okul terki tecrübesine sahip 19 katılımcıdan oluşmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri, yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, başlıca örüntüleri belirleme, kodlama ve kategorilere ayırma işlemlerini kapsayan içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda mezun olunan ortaöğretim türü, yükseköğrenim görme nedenleri, mesleki olgunluk düzeyi, seçim yapmada özerk olamama, anne-babanın eğitim seviyesi ve lisans yerleştirme sınav puanı gibi konuların katılımcıların üniversite bölüm tercihini etkiyebildiği tespit edilmiştir. Okul terki kararında etkili olan yükseköğrenim süreçleri ise sosyal uyum, akademik süreçler, örgütsel süreçler ve maddi imkansızlıklardan oluştuğu belirtilebilir. Katılımcıların terk kararı vermesinde ise, akademik başarısızlık, mezuniyet sonucunda edinilecek mesleğin kişisel özelliklerine uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi, evlilik ve mezuniyet sonrası iş olanaklarının etkili olabildiği görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yükseköğretim politikaları, yükseköğretimde okul terki, yükseköğretime katılım

Dropout from Higher Education in Turkey: A Qualitative Study

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors which affect the decision to drop out at undergraduate level from the point of view of the individuals who dropped out from higher education. In this study, phenomenological research design, which is one of the qualitative research approaches, was used. The study group consisted of nineteen participants with dropout experience in higher education. The study data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using the content analysis method. The findings of the study show that pre-college experiences affecting dropout, based on the type of graduated high school, the reasons for leaving university education, the level of vocational maturity, the lack of autonomy in department choice, parental education level and university entrance examination scores may have affected the department choice of the participants. The problems experienced during the college study leading to dropout are related to social adjustment, academic factors, organizational factors and financial difficulties. According to the participants’ statements, the final dropout decision was made as a result of academic failure, evaluation of appropriateness of vocational choice, marriage, or employment opportunities after graduation.

Keywords:

College dropout, higher education participation, higher education policies,

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