Kamu Borcunun Uzun Dönem Faiz Oranları Üzerindeki Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Uygulama

Kamu borçlarında meydana gelen artışlar, büyüme, bütçe açığı, enflasyon gibi pek çok ekonomik değişken üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açabilmektedir. Özellikle ortaya çıkan belirsizliklerle birlikte borçlanmanın ortaya çıkaracağı artan maliyet, faiz oranlarının yükselmesine yol açmaktadır. Öte yandan artan faiz oranları yatırım oranlarını azaltarak ekonomik büyüme oranlarının azalmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenle kamu borcu, uzun dönem faiz oranları kanalıyla ülkelerin makroekonomik değişkenlerini de doğrudan etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri olmaktadır. Uzun dönem faiz oranlarının kamu borcu üzerindeki etkisi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmamızda 15 OECD ülkesinde uzun dönem faiz oranı, kamu borcu, enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için 1995-2020 dönemine ait yıllık verileri panel veri analizi yöntemleri ile test edilmiştir. Çalışmada uzun dönem faiz oranı ile kamu borcu arasında bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Ancak nedensellik analizi sonucunda uzun dönem faiz oranı ile kamu borcu arasında karşılıklı nedensellik ilişkisi belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Uzun dönem faiz oranı, kamu borcu, panel veri JEL Sınıflandırması: A10, H50, C32, C33

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Uzun dönem faiz oranı, Kamu borcu, panel veri

The Effect of Public Debt On Long-Term Interest Rates: An Empirical Application On OECD Countries

Increases in public debt may have negative effects on many economic variables such as growth, budget deficit and inflation. The increasing cost of borrowing, especially with the emerging uncertainties, leads to an increase in interest rates. On the other hand, increasing interest rates decrease investment rates and result in a decrease in economic growth rates. For this reason, public debt is a very important factor that directly affects the macroeconomic variables of countries through long-term interest rates. The effect of long-term interest rates on public debt is the aim of this study. For this aim, in our study, annual data for the period 1995-2020 were tested with panel data analysis methods to determine the relationship between long-term interest rate, public debt, inflation and economic growth in 15 OECD countries. In this study, no relationship was found between the long-term interest rate and public debt. However, as a result of the causality analysis, a mutual causality relationship was determined between the long-term interest rate and the public debt. Key Words: Long term interest rate, government debt, panel data JEL Classification: A10, H50, C32, C33

Keywords:

Long term interest rate, government debt, panel data,

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