HOW TO MAINTAIN RELIGIO-INSTITUTIONS: THE CASE OF ALMS-TAX IN THE EARLY ISLAMIC STATE

This study aims at exploring the process of maintaining religio-institutions particularly by using a qualitative abductive approach. Institutional theorists accept religion -among others such as state, market, professions and family etc.- as an institutional sector which also produces unquestionable institutional arrangements (e.g., halal, pray, zakat) in order first to provide and then to assure an earthly order, in turn a happy life after death to its proponents. Depending on these, this study’s focus is to explore and define the rationales, strategies of, and tools for maintaining religio-institutions basing on a clear case (i.e., rebellion of chief of Butah Tribe Malik bin Nuwayra in an effort not to give alms and various attempts of Caliph Abu Bakr for maintenance of existing religio-institutional order). To this end, data have been collected from secondary data resources (i.e., archival documents such as verses, hadiths, historical documents and texts), and analyzed by using qualitative data analysis technics such as content analysis.

Keywords:

Religio-institutions Institutional maintenance, Alms-tax.,

PDF

___

Arı M. S. (1996) “Hz. Ebu Bekir ve Ridde Savaşları”, İstanbul: Umut Matbaacılık
Azimli M. (2019) “Hz. Ebu Bekir’in Zekat Vermek İstemeyenler ve Yalancı Peygamberlerle Mücadelesi”, Aksu A. (eds.) Hz. Ebu Bekir, Sivas: Sivas Cumhuriyet Ünniversitesi Rektörlük Matbaası, 99-110.
Balcı İ. (2006) “Mürtedlerin Yakılarak Öldürüldüğüne Dair Rivayetlerin Tahlili”, Dinbilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 6 (4): 23-47.
Battilana J., Leca B., Boxenbaum E. (2009) “How Actors Change Institutions: Towards a Theory of Institutional Entrepreneurship”, The Academy of Management Annals, 3(1): 65-107.
Chia R.C. H and Holt R. (2009) “Strategy Without Design: The Silent Efficacy of Indirect Action”, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cheney G., Christensen L.T., Conrad C. and Lair D.J. (2004) “Corporate Rhetoric in Organizational Discourse”, Grant D., Hardy C., Oswick C. (eds.) The Sage Handbook of Organizational Discourse, Putnam L., London: Sage, 79-103.
Clemens E.S. and Cook J.M. (1999) ‘‘Politics and Institutionalism: Explaining Durability and Change’’, Annual Review of Sociology, 25(1): 441-466.
Currie G., Lockett A., Finn R., Martin G. and Waring J. (2012) “Institutional Work to Maintain Professional Power: Recreating the Model of Medical Professionalism”, Organization Studies, 33(7): 937-962.
Di Maggio P. J. (1988) “Interest and Agency in Institutional Theory”, L. G. Zucker (eds.) Institutional Patterns and Organizations: Culture and Environment, Cambridge, MA: Ballinger: 3-21.
Duman, S. (2018) ‘‘Hz. Peygamber (sav) ve Hulefâ-i Râşidîn Dönemlerinde Zekât’’, Uluslararası İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1): 57-78.
Eceoğlu K. (2019) “Hz. Ebu Bekir Dönemi Devlet Bürokrasisi”, Kahramanmaraş: SAMER.
Fayda. M (2008) ‘‘Ridde Olayları”, İslam Ansiklopedisi, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 35: 91-93.
Greenwood R., Suddaby R. and Hinings C.R. (2002) “Theorizing change: The Role of Professional Associations in the Transformation of Institutionalized Fields”, Academy of Management Journal, 45: 58-80.
Greenwood R., Hinings C. R. and Whetten, D. (2014) “Rethinking Institutions and Organizations”, Journal of Management Studies, 51(7): 1206-1220.