Nisin ve monensinin rumen bakterilerinin saf kültürleri üzerine karşılaştırmalı etkileri

Nisin, Lactococcus lactis tarafından üretilen düşük moleküler ağırlıklı bir bakteriyosindir. Nisinin rumen bakterilerinin saf kültürleri üzerine etkileri hakkında literatür sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, nisin ve monensinin bazı Gram-pozitif ve Gram-negatif rumen bakterilerinin saf kültürleri üzerine karşılaştırmalı etkilerini araştırmaktır. Nisin ve monensinin antibakteriyal aktivite deneyleri, anaerobik koşullarda mikrodilüsyon yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Monensinin Gram-pozitif rumen bakterileri üzerine antibakteriyal etkisi nisinden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ruminococcus albus ve Eubacterium ruminantium monensine karşı en duyarlı bakteriler olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bakterilerin büyümesi, monensin tarafından sırasıyla 6 ve 12 µg/mL konsantrasyonlarında tamamen baskılanmıştır. Nisin, monensinden farklı olarak R. albus, E. ruminantium ve Streptecoccus bovis üzerine uyarıcı etkiler göstermiştir (p<0,05). Hem nisin hem de monensin, Ruminococcus flavefaciens ve Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens üzerine potansiyel antibakteriyal aktivite sergilemişler (p<0,05), ancak bu bakterileri tamamen baskılamamışlardır. Nisin ve monensin ayrıca Methanobacterium formicicum üzerine baskılayıcı etki göstermemekle birlikte, monensinin bu methanojen üzerine potansiyel antimikrobiyal etkinliğinin daha belirgin olduğu gözlenmiştir. Gram-negatif rumen bakterileri olan Megasphaera elsdenii ve Fibrobacter succinogenes’in, hem nisin hem de monesine karşı dirençli oldukları belirlenmiştir. Nisin ve monensinin özellikle bazı Gram-pozitif rumen bakterileri üzerine olan farklı etkilerinin ruminal fermentasyon üzerine uyumlu olmayan etkilerinden sorumlu olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antibakteriyal, nisin, Minimal inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK), monensin, rumen bakterileri

Comparative effects of nisin and monensin on pure cultures of rumen bacteria

Nisin is a low molecular weight bacteriocin which is produced by Lactococcus lactis. Literature about the effects of nisin on pure cultures of rumen bacteria is scarce. The objective of the present study was to investigate the comparative effects of nisin and monensin on pure cultures of some Gram-positive and Gram-negative rumen bacteria. The antibacterial activity assays of nisin and monensin were carried out using broth microdilution method in anaerobic conditions. Antibacterial effect of monensin on Gram-positive rumen bacteria was higher than nisin. Ruminococcus albus and Eubacterium ruminantium were the most sensitive bacteria to monensin. Growth of these bacteria was inhibited completely by monensin, at 6 and 12 µg/mL concentrations respectively. Nisin exhibited stimulatory effects on R. albus, E. ruminantium and, Streptecoccus bovis (p<0.05), unlike monensin. Both nisin and monensin showed potential antibacterial activity on Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (p<0.05), although they did not inhibit these bacteria completely. Nisin and monensin also did not show inhibitory effect on Methanobacterium formicicum, however the potential antimicrobial activity of monensin on this methanogen was more evident. Gram-negative rumen bacteria, Megasphaera elsdenii and Fibrobacter succinogenes, were resistant to both of nisin and monesin. It was concluded that the different effects of nisin and monensin particularly on some Gram-positive rumen bacteria may be responsible for their inconsistent effects on ruminal fermentation.

Keywords:

Antibacterial, nisin, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), monensin, rumen bacteria,

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