İnek sütlerinde Listeria türlerinin varlığı ve antibiyotik direnci ile aerobik mezofilik bakteri sayısının belirlenmesi

Listeria türleri ineklerde mastitis infeksiyonuna da neden olmaktadır. Aerob mezofilik bakteri sayısı (toplam bakteri sayısı), meme sağlığını etkileyen ve süt kalitesini belirleyen en önemli parametrelerden biridir. Bu çalışmada inek sütü kalitesini etkileyen en önemli parametlerden olan aerob mezofilik bakteri sayısı ve ineklerde mastitise neden olan etkenlerden olan Listeria spp. varlığının ve antibiyotik direnç profillerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Listeria spp. için izolasyon ve identifikasyon sonucunda toplam 3 L. monocytogenes (n: 68,% 4.41), 7 L. innocua (n: 68,% 10.29) ve 3 L. ivanovii (n: 68,% 4.41) inek sütü örneklerinden izole edildi. Antibiyotik duyarlılığını belirlemek için yapılan disk difüzyon yönteminin sonuçlarına göre L.monocytogenes, L.innocua ve L.ivanovii izolatlarının sülfametoksazol/ trimetoprim, meropenem, vankomisin, streptomisin, oksasilin ve eritromisine karşı duyarlı oldukları bulundu. İnek sütü örneklerinde aerob mezofilik bakteri sayısı en yüksek 1.1x107 cfu/ml; en düşük ise 2.3x102 cfu/ml bulundu. Süt örneklerinin ortalama aerob mezofilik bakteri sayısı 256623,971 cfu/ml olarak bulundu. Çalışmada süt örneklerinin toplam bakteri (aerob mezofilik bakteri) sayısının (cfu/ml) ulusal ve uluslararası standardlarda belirtilen kriterlere göre yüksek bulundu, aynı zamanda bu örneklerden Listeria türlerinin izole edildi. Ayrıca, bu izolatlarda tedavi seçeneği olarak kullanlan antibiyotiklere karşı orta (ilaçla artmış temeasta duyarlı-I-intermediate) ve dirençli Listeria türleri tespit edildiğinden, mastitis infeksiyonlarında etiyolojik ve tedavi açısından Listeria türlerinin de göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiği düşünüldü. Sağım hijyeni tam anlamıyla sağlanması için, süt ineği işletmelerinde ekonomik kayıplara neden olan mastitis infeksiyonlarınnı ve antibiyotik direnci gelişiminin önlenmesi amacıyla ulusal düzeyde mastitis kontrol programına ihtiyaç duyulduğu düşünüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

aerobik mezofilik bakteri, antibiyotik direnci, inek, listeria, süt

Determination of the presence and antibiotic resistance of listeria species and aerobic mesophilic bacteria count of cow milks

Listeria species lead to mastitis infection in cows. The aerobic mesophilic bacteria count (total bacteria count) is one of the most important factors affecting udder health and determining the milk quality. The aim of this study was to determine the aerobic mesophilic bacteria count, one of the most important factors affecting cow's milk quality, and presence and the antibiotic resistance profiles of Listeria spp., one of the factors causing mastitis in cows. As a result of isolation and identification for Listeria spp., totally 3 L. monocytogenes (n: 68, 4.41%), 7 L. innocua (n: 68, 10.29%) and 3 L. ivanovii (n: 68, 4.41%) were isolated from cow milk samples. According to results of the disc diffusion method performed to determine antibiotic susceptibility, it was found that L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, and L. ivanovii isolates were susceptive against sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, meropenem, vancomycin, streptomycin, oxacillin and erythromycin. The aerobic mesophilic bacteria in the cow milk samples were detected 1.1x107 cfu/ml as the highest and 2.3x102 cfu/ml as the lowest. The average aerobic mesophilic bacteria count of milk samples was calculated 256623.971 cfu/ml. The total bacteria (aerobic mesophilic bacteria) count (cfu/ml) of milk samples in the study was found to be high based on the criteria stated in the national and international standards. Also, Listeria species were isolated from these samples. Since intermediate and resistant Listeria species were determined against the antibiotics used as a treatment option in these isolates, it is thought that Listeria species should also be considered in mastitis infections in terms of etiology and treatment. It is considered that a national mastitis control program is needed for preventing the mastitis infections and antibiotic resistance development causing economic losses in dairy cattle enterprises in order to provide milking hygiene completely.

Keywords:

aerobik mesophilic bacteria, antibiotic resistance, cow, listeria, milk,

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