İlaçların Sütteki Davranışları - Derleme

Süt, yeni doğanlar ve yetişkinlerin beslenmesinde önemli yeri olan birçok biyolojik aktif madde içeren bir besindir. İnsanve hayvanların tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların ve çevresel kirleticilerin süte geçme yeteneği, sütü sağlık ve ekonomik açıdansorunlu hale getirmektedir. Kaliteli ve güvenli gıda üretimine yönelik yasal ve bilimsel uygulamalar bu sorunları önlemeyiamaçlamaktadır. Aktif transport ve pasif difüzyon, ilaçların süte geçişinde önemli rol oynamakla birlikte diğer mekanizmalarında etkin olduğu bilinmektedir. İlaçların süte geçişlerisüt/plazma oranı ile belirlenir. Süt/plazma oranı sütün bileşiminden veilacın fizikokimyasal özelliklerinden etkilenir. Sütteki ilaç konsantrasyonu, ilaca (proteine bağlama, iyonizasyon, molekülağırlığı, lipofiliklik, ilaç-ilaç ve ilaç-besin etkileşimi) ve canlıya (ırk, tür, laktasyon periyodu, doğum sayısı, hastalık ve beslenme)bağlı olarak değişiklik gösterir. Söz konusu bileşiklerin geçiş özelliklerinin bilinmesi veya kinetik uygulamalarlamodellenebilmesi sütte ilaç kalıntılarının önlenmesinde faydalı olabilir. Mastitis tedavisinin başarısı, ilaçların doğrukullanılması ve ilaçların sütteki davranışlarının bilinmesine bağlıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Davranış, Faktör, Geçiş, İlaç, Süt

Behaviours of Drugs in the Milk - A Review

Milk is a food containing many biologically active substances that have an important place in the nourishment ofnewborns and adults. The transition of the drugs used in the treatment, as well as the environmental pollutants to milk causea potential risk for consumer health as well as economical losses due to exceed of the legal limits of these compounds set byauthorities. The transition of these chemicals to milk is complex; while active transport and passive diffusion play were foundto have an important role. The transition abilities of the drugs into milk are defined by milk/plasma ratio. The M/P ratios ofthe drugs are affected by the composition of the milk and the physicochemical properties of the drug. The concentration ofthe drugs in the milk depends on the factors of the drug (protein binding, ionization, molecular weight, lipophilicity, drugdrugand drug-nutrient interactions) and organism (race, species, lactation period, parity, disease and nutrition). If thetransition properties of the compounds of concern are known or able to be modelized in kinetic applications, it can be usefulfor preventing milk from drug residues.The success of mastitis treatment depends on the proper use of drugs and knowingof the behaviour of drugs in the milk.

Keywords:

Behaviour, Drug, Factor, Milk, Transition,

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