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Avrupa Birliğinde dört temel özgürlüklerden birisi; 1957 tarihli Roma Antlaşmasında malların, hizmetlerin ve sermayenin serbest dolaşımı ile birlikte düzenlenen kişilerin serbest dolaşımıdır. Birlik hukukuna göre bu kişi gruplarından en güvenli şekilde korunanı işçilerdir. İşçilerin serbest dolaşımı fikri, Avrupa Birliğinin tek pazara ulaşmasını, üye ülkeler arasındaki engellerin kaldırılmasını sağlayacak birçok politika üretmesini teşvik etmiştir. İşçilerin serbest dolaşımı; herhangi bir AB ülkesinin topraklarına girme hakkı, burada aileleriyle birlikte oturma hakkı, ilgili ülke vatandaşları ile aynı koşullarda ekonomik faaliyetlerini yerine getirme hakkı ve meşguliyeti sona erse bile orada kalma hakkı gibi birçok hakkı içermektedir. İşçilerin serbest dolaşımı kavramı, Avrupa Birliğinin İşleyişi Hakkındaki Antlaşmanın 45. maddesi ile birçok Direktif ve Yönetmelikte düzenlenmiştir. Bunun yanında, Avrupa Toplulukları Adalet Divanı vermiş olduğu karar ve getirmiş olduğu içtihatlarla bu kavramın yorumlanmasında ve gelişmesinde çok büyük bir rol oynamıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İşçilerin Serbest Dolaşımı, Avrupa Birliğinin

THE CONCEPT OF THE FREE MOVEMENT OF WORKERS WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION UNDER THE CASE LAW OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE (Avrupa Adalet Divanı Kararları Işığında Avrupa Birliği Kapsamındaki İşçilerin Serbest Dolaşımı Kavramı)

One of the four fundamental freedoms of the European Union,enshrined in the 1957 Treaty of Rome is the free movement of persons,along with the free movement of goods, services and capital. The mostsecurely protected group of persons under Union law are workers. Theidea of free movement of workers has encouraged the EU to introducemany policies, removing barriers between Member States, ensuring asingle market.Freedom of movement for workers involves a number of rights: theright to enter the territory of another EU Member State; the right to residethere with their families; the right to perform their economic activitiesunder the same conditions as the citizens of the host country and theright to remain there after having ceased employment. The concept offree movement of workers is laid out in Article 45 of the Treaty on theFunctioning of the European Union and is consolidated in further Directivesand Regulations. Besides, the Court of Justice of the European Union hasplayed an indispensable role in the development and interpretation of thisconcept through case law.

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Case 36/74, Walrave/Koch v AUCI [1974] ECR 1405
Case C-415/93, Union Royale Belge des Sociétés de Football Association ASBL v Jean-Marc Bosman [1995] ECR I-4921
Case C-281/98, Roman Angonese v Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano SpA [2000] ECR I-4139
Case C-85/96, Maria Martinez Sala v. Freistaat Bayern [1998] ECR 1-2708, 1-2719
Case 66/85, Deborah Lawrie-Blum v. Land Baden- Wurttemberg [1986] ECR 212
Case 75/63, Hoekstra v Bestuur der Bedrijfsvereniging voor Delailhandel en Ambachten [1964] ECR 177
Case C-337/97, Meeusen v Hoofddirectie van de Informatie Beheer Groep [1999] ECR I-3289
Case C-268/99 Jany v Staatssecretaris van Justitie [2001] ECR I-8615
Case 53/81, Levin v Staatssecretaris van Justitie [1982] ECR 1035
Case 139/85, Kempf v Staatssecretaris van Justitie [1986] ECR 1741
Case 196/87, Steymann v Staatssecretaris van Justitie [1988] ECR 6159
Case 344/87, Bettray v Staatssecretaris van Justitie [1989] ECR 1621
Case C-456/02, Trojani v CPAS [2004] ECR I-7573
Case C-292/89, Antonissen [1991] ECR I-745
Case C-344/95, Commission v Belgium ECR [1997] I-1035
Case C-138/02, Collins v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions [2004] ERC I-2703
Case C-385/00, De Groot v Staatssecretaris van Financiën [2002] ECR I-11819
Case C-213/05, Wendy Geven v Land Nordrhein -Westfalen [2007] ECR I-6347
Case C-212/05, Hartmann v Freistaat Bayern [2007] ECR I-6303
Case 39/86, Sylvie Lair v Universität Hannover [1988] ECR 3161
Case 197/86, Brown v Secretary of State for Scotland [1988] ECR 3205
Case C-149/79, Commission v Belgium [1980] ECR 3881
Case C-152/73, Sotgiu v Deutsche Bundespost [1974] ECR 153
Case C-131/79, Santillo [1980] ECR 1585
Case C-30/77, Regina v Bouchereau [1977] ECR 1999