Egemen ERTÜRK, Bayram Bilge SAĞLAM, Abdullah AÇIK

KONTEYNER TERMİNALLERİNDE HEDEF ÇIKTININ BELİRLENMESİ: YÖNTEMSEL BİR KATKI

Sermaye yoğun tabiatından ötürü, konteyner terminallerinin etkin yönetimi, yapılan yatırımlardan optimal faydanın sağlanması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Her ne kadar konteyner terminallerine yapılan yatırımlar operasyonel yönetimin etkinliğini artırmak amacıyla yapılıyorsa da, hedeflenen elleçleme hacimlerine erişilemediği halde, yapılan yatırımların beklenen faydayı sağlamaması riski mevcuttur. Bu sebeple karar vericilerin yük potansiyeli konusundaki görüşleri önemli olsa da, eldeki kaynakların bu görüşlere uygun şekilde değerlendirilmesi de bir o kadar önemlidir. Bu yolda karar vericilere, etkinliği zedelemeden hedef çıktıyı belirleme konusunda yardımcı olacak metodolojik araçlara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada, süper etkinlik veri zarflama analizi ve regresyon analizinin birlikte kullanılması ile konteyner terminallerinin etkin olması için çıktı seviyesini tespit eden bir model geliştirilmiştir. Model, Türkiye’de 2016 yılında 50000 TEU üstü konteyner elleçlemesi olan 17 konteyner terminaline uygulanmış ve seçilen terminallerin hedef çıktıları yatırım senaryolarına göre sonraki aşamada hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarında, seçilen terminaller arasında Marport, TCE Ege ve MIP terminalleri süper etkinlik modeline göre sıralama listesinin en başında yer bulmuşlardır. Etkinlik analizini takiben uygulanan regresyon analizi girdilerin katsayılarını ortaya koyarak potansiyel yatırım değerlerinin girilmesinden sonra hedef çıktıların hesaplanmasını sağlamaktadır. 17 konteyner terminalinin etkinlik verilerinden oluşturulan bu regresyon modeli hedef çıktıların değerlendirilmesi için kullanılacak bir araç niteliğindedir. Bu araç, girdilerde yapılan değişikliklere bağlı olarak yeni hedef çıktıları sağlayacağından, liman yöneticileri tarafından yatırım kararlarının doğrulanmasında kullanılabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hedef çıktı, etkinlik, yatırım, konteyner terminalleri

DETERMINING THE TARGET OUTPUT IN CONTAINER TERMINALS: A METHODOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTION

Due to its capital intensive nature, the efficient management of container terminals is essential in achieving the optimal benefit from the investments made. Albeit the investments in container terminal are made to improve the efficient management of the operations, when the expected handling volumes are not met, there is a risk that said investments can be rendered obsolete. Thereby while the outlook of the decision makers on the cargo potential is important, arrangement of the resources at hand in accordance with this outlook is also crucial. However, there is a need for methodological tools that can help the decision makers set the target output without hampering the efficiency. In this study, through the combined application of super efficiency data envelopment analysis and regression analysis, a model for determining the output level for efficient container terminals was developed. The model was applied to 17 container terminals in Turkey that had over 50000 TEU of container throughput in the year of 2016 and target outputs were evaluated thereafter according to several investment scenarios. Findings of this study reveal that among the selected ports, Marport, TCE Ege and MIP are at the top of the ranking list based on the super efficiency model. The regression analysis applied subsequent to efficiency analysis provides coefficients of the inputs, enabling the calculation of the target outputs after inserting the potential investment values. The regression model that has emerged from efficiency data of 17 container terminals can be used as a tool to evaluate target outputs. It is believed that port managers can validate their investment decisions based on this tool as it would provide the new target output after the changes in inputs.

Keywords:

Target output, efficiency, investment, container terminals,

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