Bazı Hibrit Kestane Genotip ve Çeşitlerinin Aşı Performanslarının Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma, yeni tescil edilen bazı hibrit kestane çeşitlerinin ve genotipinin aşı uyuşma durumunu belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma 2012-2018 yılları arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi ve Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü'nde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 'Marigoule', Akyüz', 'Ali Nihat' ve 'Macit 55' çeşitleri kalem ve anaç olarak, A41 genotipi ise sadece anaç olarak denenmiştir. 2014 yılında generatif anaçlarda, 2015 yılında da ana bitkilerde yongalı göz aşısı kullanılarak aşılamalar yapılmıştır. Aşı başarısı (%), aşılamadan 30 gün sonra ve yaşama oranı (%) vejetasyon sonunda belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca vejetasyon sonunda dijital kumpas yardımı ile anaç, aşı bölgesi ve kalem çapı ölçülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda ‘Ali Nihat’ ve A41 generatif anaçlarıyla oluşturulan kombinasyonlarda aşı başarısı ve yaşama oranı düşük bulunmuştur. Bitkiler arasında aşı başarısı ve yaşama oranı açısından en iyi generatif anaç ‘Macit 55’ çeşidi olmuştur. "Macit 55" anacının hem kendisi ('Macit 55'), "Akyüz" hem de "Ali Nihat" çeşitleri ile aşı uyumunun iyi olduğu görülmüştür. 'Marigoule' çeşidi genellikle çalışmada denenen karmaşık melezlerle ciddi aşı uyuşmazlığı göstermiştir. Ana bitkilere yapılan aşılarda Ali Nihat anacının kendisi (‘Ali Nihat’), ‘Akyüz’ ve ‘Macit 55’ çeşitleri için uyumlu bir anaç olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Castanea spp., Yongalı göz aşı, Ana bitki, anaç

Determination of The Grafting Performance of Some Hybrid Chestnut Genotypes and Cultivars

This study has been carried out to determine the graft compatibility of newly registered some hybrid chestnut cultivars and genotype. The study was conducted between 2012-2018 at the Ondokuz Mayıs University and the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute. In the study, ‘Marigoule’, Akyüz’, ‘Ali Nihat’ and ‘Macit 55’ cultivars were tested as scion and rootstock, and A41 genotype was tested only as rootstock. Grafting studies were carried out on generative rootstocks in 2014 and mother plants in 2015 using the chip budding method. Graft success (%) was determined 30 days after grafting and survival ratio (%) at the end of the vegetation period. Also rootstock, graft area and scion diameter were measured at the end of the vegetation period by digital caliper. As a result of the study, graft success and survival ratio were low in combinations created with ‘Ali Nihat’ and A41 generative rootstocks. Among the plants, the best generative rootstock was the ‘Macit 55’ cultivar in terms of graft success and survival ratio. ‘Macit 55’ rootstock had good graft compatibility with both itself (‘Macit 55’), ‘Akyüz’ and ‘Ali Nihat’ cultivars. ‘Marigoule’ cultivar has generally shown severe graft incompatibility with complex hybrids tested in the study. In the grafts made on clone plants, the ‘Ali Nihat’ rootstock was determined as a good rootstock for itself (‘Ali Nihat’), ‘Akyüz’ and ‘Macit 55’ cultivars.

Keywords:

Castanea spp., chip budding, mother plant, rootstock,

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