Level Intercultural Tolerance of Nurses and Nursing Students and Related Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nurses have difficulty in transitioning from a mainly single-cultural world to societies believed to be marginalized. Nurses should be able to tolerate multiculturalism and accept intercultural differences. Tolerating the cultural diversity is among the basic principles of nursing care. The study aimed to describe the level of intercultural tolerance of nurses and determine the main influencing factors. A descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 867 nurses and nursing students. After descriptive statistical analysis, parametric tests were applied to determine between-variable associations, followed by multiple linear regression analysis. In our study, the mean of the intercultural tolerance scale (ITS) score of the participants was 46.88 ± 10.51 (min-max=18-81) points. As a result, seven independent variables were determined to be effective on intercultural tolerance in nurses and nursing students. In the multiple regression model, the predictors of ITS were age, gender, presence of relatives/friends of different faiths in communication, curiosity about different cultures, religions, lifestyles, desire to live in a place with a different culture, enjoying caring for people from different cultures, taking any training to develop cultural competence that these were factors influencing ITS in the evaluated nursing students and nurses. The intercultural tolerance level is moderate and is associated with many factors. These variables explain only 28% of the factors affecting intercultural tolerance.It is recommended to repeat the study to determine other factors affecting intercultural tolerance.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

nurse, nursing students, culture, tolerance, intercultural tolerance

Level Intercultural Tolerance of Nurses and Nursing Students and Related Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Keywords:

nurse, nursing students, culture, tolerance, intercultural tolerance,

PDF

___

Al Majali, S., & AlKhaaldi, K. (2020). Values of Tolerance in Relation to Academic Achievements, Cultures, and Gender among UAE Universities Students. International Journal of Instruction, 13(3), 571-586.
Almalahy, A. A. M. M. (2017). Tolerance level of emergency service nurses and the affecting factors. [Master’s Thesis Ondokuz Mayıs University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
Al-Rabaani, A. H. (2018). Views of Omani Post-basic education students about religious and cultural tolerance. Cambridge Journal of Education, 48(1), 87-101. doi: 10.1080/0305764X.2016.1252314
Altunsu Sönmez, Ö., & Aksan, G. (2019). The Relationship between tolerance levels of university students with different variables. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 41, 302-316. http://dergisosyalbil.selcuk.edu.tr/susbed/article/view/1668
Yaman Aktaşı, Gök Ugur, Orak S (2016). Investıgatıon of the opınıons of nurses concernıng the transcultural nursıng care. International Refereed Journal of Nursing Researches,8, 120-133.
Arslanovna, D. K. Pedagogical Opportunities for Formation of Intercultural Tolerance Competence in English Language Classes. International Journal on Integrated Education, 3(8), 77-80.
Aydoğmuş, B. (2018). Examination of democratic attitudes and tolerance levels of university students according to different variables. [Master’s Thesis, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
Bakioğlu, F. (2013). The investigation of the relationship between intercultural tolerance and moral maturity. [Master’s Thesis, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
Bakioğlu, F., & Şahin, R. (2014). Investigation of the relationshıp between intercultural tolerance and moral maturity. The Journal of International Social Research, 7(29), 108-116. http://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/cilt7/sayi29pdf/bakioglu_fuat_rukiyesahinx.pdf
Baumann, S. L., & Goldberg, D. (2018). Toward becoming a global nurse. Nursing Science Quarterly, 31(2), 175-179. doi: 10.1177 / 0894318418755756
Bessarab, N. (2021). Teacher’s Intercultural Tolerance as a Key Competence of the New Ukrainian School. Global Academics, 79.
Biri, G. (2021). Coıntegratıon analysıs of factors affectıng health tourısm ıncome of Turkey Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 73-82.
Cuellar, N. G. (2021). Justice Is Equality... But Equality of What?(Aristotle). Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 32(2), 93.
Douglas, M. K., Rosenkoetter, M., Pacquiao, D. F., Callister, L. C., Hattar-Pollara, M., Lauderdale, J., ... & Purnell, L. (2014). Guidelines for implementing culturally competent nursing care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 25(2), 109-121.
Dromgoole, S. (2014) Underwater cultural heritage and ınternational law (3rd ed). Cambridge University Press. p.58-70.
Eko, B. S., & Putranto, H. (2019). The role of intercultural competence and local wisdom in building intercultural and interreligious tolerance. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research. 48(4), 341-369. doi: 10.1080/17475759.2019.1639535
Faried, S. A. (2018). Measuring college students’ perceptions to tolerance dimensions: Socio-anthropological study at Cairo. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 10(2), 59-70. doi: 10.5539 / ijps.v10n2p59
Gojkov-Rajić, A., & Prtljaga, J. (2013). Foreign language learning as a factor of intercultural tolerance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 809-813. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.09.284
Hastjarjo, S., & Nuryana, A. (2018). Intercultural communication training in vocational and industrial education training. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1-5. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/306/1/012115
Hastjarjo, S., & Rahayu, A. (2017). New media usage and the ıntercultural communication competence among hospitality students in Surakarta. The International Conference on Design and Technology KnE Social Sciences, 76-82. doi: 10.18502/kss.v2i4.870
Kaya, A. (2014). Farklılıkların birlikteliği Türkiye ve Avrupa’da bir arada yaşama tartışmaları. Hiperlink Publishing. p.11-13.
Kokarevich, M. N., & Sizova, N. Z. (2015). Model of tolerance of intercultural communication. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 166: 621-625. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.584.
Konal Korkmaz, E., Ateş, E., Ardahan, M. (2021). Determination of Nursing Students Perspective of War Victims. Health and Society, 31 (2), 151-158
Korol, L. D. (2017). Is the association between multicultural personality and ethnic tolerance explained by cross-group friendship? The Journal Of General Psychology, 144(4), 264-282. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2017.1374118
Lebedeva, N. M., Makarova, E., & Tatarko, A. (2013). Increasing intercultural competence and tolerance in multicultural schools: A training program and its effectiveness. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 54, 39-51. https://publications.hse.ru/mirror/pubs/share/folder/sgn83vlo34/direct/85911101
Leininger, M. (2009). Transcultural nursing care in the community. In: Lundy KS, Janes S (Eds.) Community Health Nursing (pp.228-245) Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Mameghani, S. S. (2017). Comparison of Turkish and Iranian university students' forgiveness, tolerance and happiness levels. [PhD’s Thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
Markey, K., Tilki, M., & Taylor, G. (2018) Understanding nurses’concerns when caring for patients from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds. J Clin Nurs, 27: e259-e268. doi: 10.1111 / jocn.13926
McFarland, M. R., & Wehbe-Alamah, H. B. (2019). Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and universality: An overview with a historical retrospective and a view toward the future. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 30(6), 540-557.
Mendleson, J. L., Bures, A. L., Champion, D. L., & Lott, J. K. (1997). Preliminary Development of the Intercultural Tolerance Scale. Psychological Reports 80, 867-876. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.867
Mohammed, H. I. (2019). Development of the tolerance scale: A study of validity and reliability. [Master’s Thesis, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
Novikova, I. A., & Novikov, A. L. (2015). Relation between communicative tolerance and intercultural adaptation in international students. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6(2), 109-116. doi: 10.5901 / mjss.2015.v6n2s2p109
Pasichnyk, I. D., & Balashow, E. M. (2016). Psychological peculiarities of tolerance of Ukrainian and Polish students: A comparative analysis. Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century 10(1), 39-49. https://eprints.oa.edu.ua/7358/1/Article_%2039-49_Pasichnyk_Balashov_Vol.10-1.pdf
Seviğ, Ü., & Tanrıverdi, G. (2014). Kültürlerarası Hemşirelik (1st Ed.). Akademi Basın.
Şener Akkoç, M. (2011). The relation between anger control and tolerance level of health personnel working in the emergency department. [Master’s Thesis, Marmara University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
Tanaka, S., Matsunaga, H., Noguchi, N., Shibayama, K., Ishibashi, A., Akinaga, K., … Shinchi, K. (2016). Factors related to japanese nurses’ tolerance toward Indonesian nurse trainees. Asian Journal of Human Services, 11, 1-17. doi: 10.14391/ajhs.11.1
Tanrıverdi, G. (2016). Hemşirelerde kültürel yeterliliği geliştirme yaklaşım ve önerileri. H. İ. Ülker, C. Birkök (Ed.). (1st ed). Pozitif Matbaa.
Tanrıverdi, G. (2017). Approaches and recommendations for ımproving the cultural competence in nursing. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 25(3), 227-236.
Tanrıverdi, G. (2015). Approachs ofnurses tovvards standards ofpractıce for culturally competent çarehemşirelerin. Ege University Faculty of Nursing Journal, 31(3), 37-52.
Thurman, W., & Pfitzinger-Lippe, M. (2017). Returning to the profession's roots: Social justice in nursing education for the 21st century. Adv Nurs Sci, 40(2), 184-193. doi: 10.1097 / ANS.0000000000000140
Toda, T., & Maru, M. (2018). Cultural sensitivity of Japanese nurses: Exploring clinical application of the intercultural sensitivity scale. Open Journal of Nursing, 8: 640-655. doi: 10.4236/ojn.2018.89048
Van Tongeren, D. R., Kubin, E., Crawford, J. T., & Brandt, M. J. (2020). The role of religious orientation in worldview conflict. The International Journal for the Psychology of religion, 30(3), 231-242.
Vandenberg, H., & Kalischuk, R. G. (2014) Conceptualizations of culture and cultural care among undergraduate nursing students: An Exploration and critique of cultural education. Journal of Cultural Diversity 21(3), 99-107. PMID: 25306840
Wilson, H. F. (2014). The possibilities of tolerance: Intercultural dialogue in a multicultural Europe. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 32, 852-868. doi: 10.1068 / d13063p
Zheyuan, W. (2017). Intercultural tolerance and intercultural communication: Student survey. НЕПЕРЕРВНА ПРОФЕСІЙНА ОСВІТА: ТЕОРІЯ І ПРАКТИКА (СЕРІЯ: ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ НАУКИ) Випуск, 1-2(50-51), 88-92. doi: 10.28925 / 1609-8595.2017.
Левчук, З. С., & Глушеня, А. В. (2020). Intercultural tolerance as a component of the future specialist’s competencies.