İNOVASYONUN BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ: ORTA GELİRLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Bu çalışmanın amacı, gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın büyümesi ile inovasyona bağlı faaliyetler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. 2012-2016 yılları arasında 5 yıllık süreyi kapsayan sekiz orta gelirli ülkenin dahil edildiği bir örneklem üzerinde panel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, eğitim harcamaları, fen ve mühendislik mezunları, bilgiye dayalı istihdam, bilimsel ve teknik makaleler, nüfus ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımların büyümeye pozitif etki ettiğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, orta gelirli ülkelerde inovasyon ile ilgili faaliyetler ve ekonomik büyüme arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Orta gelirli ülkelerin, gelirlerini daha yüksek seviyelere çıkarabilmek için AR-GE ve inovasyona daha fazla odaklanmaları önerilmektedir.
RETURNS TO INNOVATION AND GROWTH: A PANEL DATA APPROACH FOR MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES
This paper attempts to investigate the relationship between the growth of gross domestic product andinnovation related activities. A panel data analysis is conducted on a sample of eight middle-income countriescovering 5-year time period from 2012-2016. The major findings of the study show a significant positiveimpact of expenditure on education, graduates in science and engineering, knowledge intensive employment,scientific and technical articles, population and foreign direct investments on the growth of gross domesticproduct. Hence, we conclude that there is a strong relation between innovation-related activities andeconomic growth in middle-income countries. Therefore, we suggest that middle-income countries shouldfocus more on R&D and innovation related activities to grow and change their income status to higher incomelevels.
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