Coping with Bosnia-Herzegovina's critical problems: reconsidering the international community's role

Dayton Barış Antlaşması'nın imzalanmasının üzerinden geçen 15 seneye rağmen Bosna-Hersek'in temel yapısal ve siyasi problemlerine çözüm bulunabilmiş değildir. İçinde bulunulan siyasi açmaz nedeniyle ülkeyi iletiye götür'eceğine inanılan reformlarda aşama kaydedilememektedir. Yapısal sorunların çözülememesi, siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal birçok çözüm bekleyen problemi de beraberinde getirmektedir ve bu durum sosyal patlama ve etnik çatışmaların yeniden alevlenmesi gibi riskler doğurmaktadır. Çözümsüzlüğün devamında ise Bosna-Hersek'in dağılma sürecine girmesi kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Bosna Hersek'teki bu durum başından beri ülkedeki reform çabalarına önderlik eden uluslararası toplumun da başarısızlığı anlamına gelmektedir. Öte yandan çözüme katkı sağlaması beklenen yerel siyasetçiler, toplumlararası konsensüs eksikliğinden dolayı sürece katkı sağlamaktan çok uzaklar. Bu nedenden ötürü problemlerin çözümünde uluslararası topluma her zamankinden çok daha fazla görev düşmektedir. Fakat uluslararası toplum mevcut yapılanması ve konulara bakış açısı ile Bosna-Hersek'in problemlerine çözüm yolları yaratmaktan çok uzaktır ve uluslararası toplumun Bosna-Hersek'teki stratejisini ve yapılanmasını yeniden ele alması gerekmededir. Bu çalışmada Bosna-Hersek'in çözüm bekleyen önemli problemleri ele alınacak ve bu sorunları çözmeye muktedir tek taraf olduğu düşünülen uluslararası toplumun hem kendi yapılanması hem de sorunları ele alma yöntemleri yeniden değerlendirilerek yeni çözüm yolları tartışılacaktır.

Bosna-Hersek'in önemli problenleri ile başa çıkmak: uluslararası toplumun rolünün yeniden değerlendirilmesi

Fifteen years after the Dayton Peace Agreement, Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH) is still not capable of solving major structural and political problems, and no progress has been achieved on the reforms that people believe will carry the country to success. Being unable to solve these problems leads further pending political, social and economic problems to become more serious. If the situation continues, it is likely that Bosnia-Herzegovina will enter into a process of disintegration which also means a failure of the International Community (the US and the EU) and the reform efforts that were guided from the very beginning. Due to the lack of inter-communal consensus, the local political actors are far from making any positive contribution to the reform process, and once again the burden falls on the shoulders of the International Community. However, the contemporary setup of the International Community and the way it approaches these problems is far from a remedy for BiH. Therefore it is necessary that the International Community's structure and its approach to the problems be reconsidered. In this study the most urgent political, social and economic problems of BiH are going to be discussed. In addition, structural changes that can be made to make the International community a more capable actor in BiH are evaluated.

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