YAĞLI BOYA RESİMLERİN SAKLAMA KOŞULLARINA BAĞLI RENK DEĞİŞİMİ VE YÜZEYSEL YIPRANMALARININ TESPİTİ

Yağlı boya resim yapmada kullanılan yağlı boyalar; keten tohumu yağı gibi incelticiler içinde dağılmış pigment taneleri bulunan, fırçayla uygulanan ve yavaş kuruyan örtücü bir boya türüdür. Jel halindeki yüksek viskoziteli boyanın, kullanım sırasında gerekirse terebentin veya bazı yağlar gibi bir inceltici ilave edilerek viskozitesi ayarlanabilir. Boyanın uygulanmasından sonra kanvas/tuval üzerinde kuruma sonrası parlaklığını arttırmak için bir miktar vernik de uygulanabilir. Yağlı boya ile tuval bezi üzerine resim yapmada malzeme kalitesi iyi olduğunda, boya iyi uygulandığında ve uygulama sırasındaki bütün fiziksel şartlar optimum olarak yerine getirildiğinde doğal olarak eserin de fiziksel kalitesi iyi olacaktır. Görsel ve sanatsal kalite ise sanatçının birikimi ve yeteneği ile doğru orantılı olarak biçimlenir. Fiziksel olarak çok iyi vücuda getirilen ve sanatsal değeri toplum tarafından tartışmasız kabul edilen bazı eserlerin çok uzun yıllar bozulmadan gelecek nesillere korunarak iletilmesi gerekir. Bu nedenle de sanatsal ve maddi değeri gün geçtikçe artan bu eserlerin optimum şartlarda muhafaza edilmesi zorunludur. Aksi halde, yıllar içinde doğal olarak yaşlanacak eserlerin ne yazık ki fiziksel olarak daha hızlı yıpranmasına ve dolayısıyla da daha hızlı renk değişimine sebebiyet verilecektir. Çalışmada 25 yıl önce aynı şartlarda aynı malzemeler kullanılarak yapılan iki eserin iyi ve kötü saklama koşullarına bağlı olarak renk, malzeme ve görsel kalite kayıpları tespit edilmiştir. Eserlerin üzerindeki boyaların Gretag Macbeth Spektrofotometre ile L*a*b* renk değerleri ölçülerek referans değerlerle mukayesesi yapılmış, mikroskopla zemin malzeme (tuval bezi) görüntüleri üzerinde yapılan incelemelerle fiziksel bozulmalar ve renk sapmaları tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Saklama koşulları, yağlı boya bozulması, renk sapmaları, tuval bezi deformasyonu, renk sapmasını etkileyen faktörler

YAĞLI BOYA RESİMLERİN SAKLAMA KOŞULLARINA BAĞLI RENK DEĞİŞİMİ VE YÜZEYSEL YIPRANMALARININ TESPİTİ

Oil paints, which are used in oil painting, are slow-drying, brush applicable and dye-based covering paints with pigment particles dispersed in thinners such as linseed oil. The viscosity of the paint that is in high viscosity and gel form can be adjusted by adding a solvent such as turpentine or spirits during use. After applying the paint, some varnish can be added to increase the gloss after drying on the canvas. In painting on canvas with oil paint, when the quality of the material is good, the paint is applied well and all the physical conditions are optimally applied, then the physical quality of the work will naturally be good. Visual and artistic quality is shaped proportionally according to the experience and talent of the artist. Some works that are painted physically in perfect condition and whose artistic values are considered indisputable by the society must be preserved and delivered to future generations without deterioration for many years. Therefore, these paintings, whose artistic and financial values are increasing day by day, must be taken care of under optimum conditions. Otherwise, the paintings that will naturally age over the centuries will unfortunately result in faster physical wear and therefore aging. In the study, colour, material and visual quality losses were determined due to the good and bad storage conditions of two paintings that were made using the same materials under the same conditions 25 years ago. L*a*b* colour values of the paints on these two paintings were measured with Gretag Macbeth Spectrophotometer and compared with reference values, and also physical distortions and colour deviations were detected by examining the base material (canvas) images with a microscope.

Keywords:

Storage conditions, oil paint distortion, colour aberration, canvas deformation, factors effecting colour aberration,

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