Antrenmanın 13-14 Yaş Adölesanlarda Solunum Sistemi Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışmanın amacı; okuldaki beden eğitimi derslerine ek olarak okul dışındaki fiziksel aktivitelere katılan 13-14 yaşındaki adölasanların akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerini, okul dışı fiziksel aktivitelere katılmayan adölasanlarla kıyaslamaktır. Antrenman geçmişlerine, sağlık durumlarına, fiziksel özelliklerine bağlı ön değerlendirme sonrasında atletizm, futbol, hentbol, yüzme gibi branşlarda en az 5 yıllık antrenman geçmişine sahip 28 sporcu ve antrenman geçmişi bulunmayan, sporcularla benzer fiziksel özelliklere sahip 28 sedanter adölasan katılmıştır. Akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerini belirlemek için spirometre ile vital kapasite, zorlu vital kapasite ve maksimal istemli ventilasyon ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirilmesinde SPSS v.24 kullanılmıştır. Beden eğitimi derslerine ek olarak okul dışında da takım antrenmanlarına katılarak fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini arttıran adölasanların sadece beden eğitimi derslerine katılan adölasanlara karşın sırasıyla vital kapasiteleri (3,57±0,63 lt'ye karşın 2,72±0,56 lt), zorlu vital kapasiteleri (3,50 ± 0,64 lt'ye karşın 2,70 ± 0,56 lt) ve maksimal istemli ventilasyon (127,91 ±29,48 lt/dk, 109,10 ± 19,07 lt/dk) değerleri anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Okul dışında da fiziksel olarak aktif adölasanların vital kapasiteleri % 31,50, zorlu vital kapasiteleri % 29,82 ve maksimal istemli ventilasyon değerleri % 17,24 daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, adölasan ve ergenlik dönemindeki düzenli aktivitenin akciğer hacimlerini ve kapasitelerini artırdığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, adölasanların okuldaki beden eğitimi ders saatlerinin ve/veya okul dışındaki fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin arttırılması solunum sistemi ve sağlığı üzerine önemli katkılar sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Solunum sistemi, vital kapasite, akciğer kapasitesi, adölesan

The Effects of Training on Respiratory System of Adolescents Aged 13-14

The aim of this study was to compare the lung volumes and respiratory functions of the children aged 13-14 who joined additionally out-of-school physical activities and the others joined physical activities just in-school. Adolescents who had joined additionally athletics, football, handball or swimming training at least 5 years regularly and not-involved additionally physical activities participated in the study. Pulmonary function tests such as vital capacity, forced vital capacity and maximal voluntary ventilation were measured by spirometer to evaluate the respiratory volumes and functions. SPSS v.24 was used for statistical analysis. Vital capacity (3,57±0,63 lt vs. 2,72±0,56 lt), forced vital capacity (3,50 ± 0,64 lt vs. 2,70 ± 0,56 lt) and maximal voluntary ventilation (127,91 ±29,48 lt/min vs. 109,10 ± 19,07 lt/min) were higher in the additionally trained group than others (p<0,001). Also, their vital capacity higher as %31,50, forced vital capacity as %29,82 and maximal voluntary ventilation as % 17,24 in percentages. The results indicate that regular training in childhood and adolescence enhances lung volumes and functions. Therefore, it is predicted that promoting in-school physical activity hours and/or out-school physical activity levels would improve respiratory system and health.

Keywords:

Respiratory system, vital capacity, lung capacity, adolescent,

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Başlangıç: 2016
Yayıncı: Pınar GÜZEL

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