Erişkinde Hipopitüitarizmin Tanı ve Tedavisi

Hipopitüitarizm hipofizer ya da hipotalamik hastalıklar nedeniyle ön ve arka hipofiz bez fonksiyonlarında total ya da kısmi kayıp olması ile karakterizedir. Adrenal yetmezlik, hipotiroidizm, hipogonadizm, büyüme hormon eksikliği ve nadiren diyabetes insipidusa neden olur. En sık nedeni hipofiz adenomları ve tedavide uygulanan cerrahi ve radyasyon tedavisinin neden olduğu komplikasyonlardır. Klinik bulgular sıklıkla hormonal eksikliğin şiddeti ile ilişkilidir. Bununla birlikte hipopituitarizm genellikle eşlik eden enfeksiyon ve travma gibi strese yol açabilecek durumlara kadar klinik olarak sessiz seyreder. Artmış morbidite ve mortaliteye yol açması nedeniyle erken tanı ve uygun tedavi önemlidir. Hastalar uzun dönem izlenmeli ve eksik ya da aşırı hormon replasman uygulamalarından kaçınılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hipopitüitarizm, hipofiz adenomu, hipofiz

Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypopituitarism in Adults

Hypopituitarism is characterized by total or partial loss of anterior and posterior pituitary gland function due to hypophyseal or hypothalamic diseases. It causes adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency and rarely diabetes insipidus. The most common causes of primary hypopituitarism are pituitary adenomas and complications from surgery or radiation therapy for the treatment of pituitary adenoma. Clinical findings are frequently associated with severity of hormonal deficits. However hypopituitarism generally remains clinically silent until a stressful event such as a concurrent infection or trauma. Because of the increased morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis and prompt treatment is important. Patients should be monitored for long-term and avoided under- or overtreatment.

Keywords:

Hypopituitarism, pituitary adenoma, pituitary,

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