İZLEK BAĞIMLILIĞI TEORİSİ VE YAPAY ZEKÂ TEKNOLOJİSİNE GEÇİŞ: HİZMET ENDÜSTRİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapay zekâ teknolojisinin getireceği değişim, yenilik ve dönüşüm süreçlerinin ilk evrelerinde ortaya çıkan tedirginliğin oluşturucu dinamiklerini, sebeplerini ve aynı zamanda beklentileri, algıları ve kısıtları araştırmaktır. Bu teknolojinin henüz tarihsel bir geçmişi olmadığından, bu makale izlek bağımlılığı teorisinin evrimsel ve dizileme analizlerinden ziyade, artan geri dönüşler analizine odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışma araştırma bulgularını üç açıdan analiz etmektedir: (1) Teknoloji, yenilikler ve teknolojik değişim; (2) Geçmiş bilgi ve bilgi tabanı, geçmiş tecrübeler, izlenimler, kültür, algılar, tercihler ve yetiler; (3) Rutinler ve rutinler bütünü ile düzenli işleyen ve kurumu mevcut izlekte tutan işler ve süreçler. Çalışma şu sorun alanları ortaya tanımlamaktadır: (1) Sanayi 4.0 hakkında bilgi eksikliğinin söz konusu olması, (2) Değişimin nasıl ve ne biçimde olacağının öngörülememesi, (3) Uyum problemleri, (4) Altyapısal problemler, (5) Yeni teknolojinin maliyeti, (6) Aktörlerin yeni teknolojiye geçişte istek ve niyetleri, (7) Çalışanları yapay zeka ve büyük veri üzerine eğitime ihtiyacı.

Path Dependency Theory and the Shift to Artificial Intelligences: An Analysis on the Service Industry

Based on the path-dependency theory, this article provides an increasing return analysis on the artificial intelligence technology. Since this new technology has yet lacked a historical background, this article focuses on increasing returns analysis rather than the evolutionary and sequence analyses of the path dependency theory. This article aims to analyze the constitutive dynamics and reasons of anxiety; as well as, expectations, perceptions and constraints emerged during the early phases of innovation and change. Therefore, this article enables us to understand the reasons of path dependency, by focusing on constraints, concerns and anxieties towards innovation and change. This article analyzes the research data with the following three aspects: (1) Technology, innovations and technological change; (2) Past knowledge and knowledge base, past experiences, impressions, culture, perceptions, preferences, and abilities; (3) Operations and processes that operate regularly with routines. This article is based on the document analysis and qualitative analysis qualified with 10 face-to-face interviews with service industry professionals. This article reveals the following problem areas: (1) The lack of information about Industry 4.0, (2) That the change is unforeseeable and unpredictable, (3) Adaptation problems and (4) Infrastructural problems, (5) The cost of new technology, (6) The desire and will of the actors to new technology, (7) The need for training of employees in the field of artificial intelligence and big data.

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