MatK ve trnH-psbA Barkot Genleri Kullanılarak Bazı Bitki Taksonlarının Moleküler Olarak Sınıflandırılması

Canlıların sınıflandırılması ve canlı birliklerine ait sınırların çizilmesi gözleme ve deneye dayalı sistemli bilgi üretmeye başlanmasıyla birlikte karşılaşılan en karmaşık problemlerden biri olmuştur. Bu amaçla araştırmacılar birçok kuram ve metot geliştirerek var olan canlı çeşitliliğini saptamaya çalışmışlardır. Çekirdek kökenli barkot bölgeleri, plastid kökenli barkot bölgelerine göre çok daha fazla bilgi içermesine karşın, tek lokus kullanılarak barkotlama yapıldığında, farklı bitki gruplarını karşılaştırabilmek için yeterli bilgiye sahip olunmamaktadır. Tüm bitki türlerinde kullanılabilecek tek bir barkot bölgesi henüz mevcut değildir ve bu nedenle farklı barkot bölgelerinin birlikte kullanılması, türlerin ayırt edilebilme gücünü arttırabilmektedir. Çalışmanın ana hedefi, bitki moleküler filogenetiğini konu alan çalışmalarda etkin olarak kullanılabilecek gen, gen bölgesi ve gen sayısını değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışmada, 15 farklı bitki ailesine ait toplam 60 bitki türüne ait filogenetik ilişkiyi değerlendirmek için matK, ve trnH-psbA barkot genler kullanılarak MAFFT (Multiple Alignment Using Fast Fourier Transform) yazılımı ile diziler hizalanmış ve Bayesian metodu ile konsensus filogenetik ağaç elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar bitki moleküler filogenetik çalışmalarında matK gen dizilerinin trnH-psbA gen dizilerine göre daha yüksek ardıl olasılık değerli ağaç üretebildiğini göstermiştir. Ancak daha fazla genlerin çalışması ile olası filogenetik ilişki daha da iyi bir şekilde tahmin edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Filogeni, moleküler sistematik, biyoinformatik, barkot gen

Molecular Classification of Some Plant Taxa Using MatK and trnH-psbA Barcode Genes

The classification of living creatures and the demarcation of living units have been one of the most complex problems encountered as a result of observing experimental and systematic information. For this purpose, researchers have tried to determine the diversity of living creatures by developing many theories and methods. Although the nuclear genome barcode regions contain much more information than the barcode regions of plastid, they do not have enough information to compare different plant groups when barcoding with a single locus. A single barcode region that can be used in all plant species is not yet available, and therefore, the use of different barcode regions may increase the distinguishing power of species. Main objective of this study was to determine gene, gene region and numbers of genes suitable for plant molecular phylogentic studies. In this study, matK, and trnH-psbA barcode genes were used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship of 60 plant species belonging to 15 different plant families. Sequences were aligned with MAFFT (Multiple Alignment Using Fast Fourier Transform) software and a consensus phylogenetic tree was constructed by the Bayesian method. Results indicated that matK gene was much more suitaable in comparison to trnH-psbA region since the use of matK produced trees with higher posterior probability values. However, further studies clearly showed that increased number of genes produced much better phylogenetic estimations.

Keywords:

Phylogeny, molecular systematics, bioinformatics, barcode gene,

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