Oğuzhan ÖZDEMİR, Nurten YILMAZ, Mesut GOK, Mustafa Oğuzhan KAYA

Determination of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Lavandula angustifolia Volatile Oil

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the oil extracted from Lavandula angustifolia (Province of Denizli/Türkiye) on some gram-negative/positive pathogenic microorganisms and lactic acid bacteria (by agar well diffusion, MIC test), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, metal chelating, FRAP). As a result of the analysis, it was determined by headspace/GC-MS analysis that eucalyptol was the highest with a value of 22.58%, α-linalool was the second with a value of 19.44% and linalyl acetate was 14.61%. Lavandulol, an essential component of Lavender, was determined by 1.39%. The highest antimicrobial effect of L. angustifolia oil was found on Bacillus subtilus and Methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) with zone diameters of 24 to 22 mm, respectively), followed by Staph. aureus. Antibacterial effects of L. angustifolia oil on Staph. aureus, E. coli, Campliobacter jejuni, Salmonella poona, Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus plantarum were detected as 17, 16, 14, 14, 12, 12, and 11 mm zone diameters, respectively. Therewithal, a significant antioxidative effect was determined by DPPH, FRAP, and metal chelating analyzes.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Lavandula angustifolia, antimicrobial activity, headspace/GC-MS, antioxidant capacity

Determination of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Lavandula angustifolia Volatile Oil

Keywords:

Lavandula angustifolia, antimicrobial activity, headspace/GC-MS, antioxidant capacity,

PDF

___

Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska, M., Szczerbińska, D., 2018. The antimicrobial activity of lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and its influence on the production performance of broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(4): 1020-1025.
Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., Abu-Zaitoun, S.Y., Dudai, N., Jamous, R.M., 2020. Downy lavender oil: a promising source of antimicrobial, antiobesity, and anti-alzheimer’s disease agents. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020: 5679408.
Anonymous, 2006. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests, 9th Ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Approved Standard M2-A9, CLSI, Wayne, Pa.
Anonymous, 2007. Disk Diffusion Supplemental Tables, 4th Ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, M100-S17 (M2), CLSI, Wayne Pa.
Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., Idaomar, M., 2008. Biological effects of essential oils-a review. Food Chemical Toxicology, 46(2): 446-475.
Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M.M., Sherris, J.C., Turck, M., 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4): 493-496.
Benzie, I.F.F, Strain, J.J., 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma as a measure of antioxidant power: the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 239(1): 70-76.
Blažeković, B., Yang, W., Wang, Y., Li, C., Kindl, M., Pepeljnjak, S., Vladimir-Kneževića, S., 2018. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of volatile oils of Lavandula × intermedia‘ Budrovka’ and L. angustifolia cultivated in Croatia. Industrial Crops & Products, 123: 173-182.
Blois, M.S., 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 26: 1199-2000.
Burt, S., 2004. Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods a review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94(3): 223-253.
Cavanagh, H.M.A., Wilkinson, J.M., 2002. Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4): 301-308.
Clevenger, J.F., 1928. Apparatus for the determination of volatile oil. The Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, 17(3): 345-349.
de Rapper, S., Kamatou, G., Viljoen, A., van Vuuren, S., 2013. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil in combination with other aroma-therapeutic oils. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013: 852049.
Dinis, T.C.P., Maderia, V.M.C., Almeida, L.M., 1994. Action of phenolic derivates (Acetaminophen, Salicylate and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 315(1): 161-169.
Ericsson, H.M., Sherris, J.C., 1971. Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing. Report of an International Collaborative Study, Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica, Section B, 217: 90.
Giménez-Rota, C., Lorán, S., Mainar, A.M., Hernáiz, M.J., Rota, C., 2019. Supercritical carbon dioxide antisolvent fractionation for the sustainable concentration of Lavandula luisieri (Rozeira) Riv.-Mart antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds and comparison with its conventional extracts. Plants (Basel), 8(11): 455.
Hajhashemi, V., Ghannadib, A., Sharif, B., 2003. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the leaf extracts and essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 89(1): 67-71.
Hossain, S., Heo, H., De Silva, B.C.J., Wimalasena, S.H.M.P., Pathirana, H.N.K.S, Heo, G., 2017. Antibacterial activity of essential oil from lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) against pet turtle-borne pathogenic bacteria. Laboratory Animal Research, 33(3): 195-201.
Jaradat, N.A., Zaid, A.N., Abuzant, A., Shawahna, R., 2016. Investigation the efficiency of various methods of volatile oil extraction from Trichodesma africanum and their impact on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 5(3): 250-256.
Kalemba, D., Kunicka, A., 2003. Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 10(10): 813-829.
Kara, N., Baydar, H., 2011. Essential oil characteristics of lavandins (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) of Isparta province, Kuyucak district, where lavender production center of Turkey. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 25(4): 42-46. (In Turkish).
Lalitha, M.K., 2004. Manual on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. (Under the Auspices of Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists). Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
Moussii, I.M., Kaotar, N., Timinouni, M., Jamaleddine, J., Filali, H., Hakkou, F., 2020. Synergistic antibacterial effects of Moroccan Artemisia herba alba, Lavandula angustifolia and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils. Synergy, 10: 100057.
Özyazıcı, G., Kevseroğlu, K., 2019a. Effects of ontogenetic variability on yield of some Labiatae family (Mentha spicata L., Origanum onites L., Melissa officinalis L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) plants. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(2): 174-185.
Özyazıcı, G., Kevseroğlu, K., 2019b. Effects of ontogenetic and diurnal variability on essential oil content in Mentha spicata L., Origanum onites L., Melissa officinalis L. and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(3): 285-294.
Prior, R.L., Wu, X., Schaich, K., 2005. Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. Journal Agriculture Food Chemistry, 53(10): 4290-4302.
Puškárová, A., Bučková, M., Kraková, L., Pangallo, D., Kozics, K., 2017. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of six essential oils and their cyto/genotoxicity to human HEL 12469 cells. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 8211.
Rashed, M.M.A., Mahdi, A.A., Ghaleb, A.D.S., Zhang, F.R., YongHua, D., Qin, W., WanHai, Z., 2020. Synergistic effects of amorphous OSA-modified starch, unsaturated lipid-carrier, and sonocavitation treatment in fabricating of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil nanoparticles. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 151: 702-712.
Rashed, M.M.A., Zhang, C., Ghaleb, A.D.S., Peng, J., Nagi, A., Majeed, H., Bakry, A.M., Haider, J., Xu, Z., QunyiTong, A., 2019. Techno-functional properties and sustainable application of nanoparticles-based Lavandula angustifolia essential oil fabricated using unsaturated lipid-carrier and biodegradable wall material. Industrial Crops and Products, 136: 66-76.
Roller, S., Ernest, N., Buckle, J., 2009. The antimicrobial activity of high-necrodane and other lavender oils on methicillin-sensitive and -resistant staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA). Journal Alternative Complement Medicine, 15(3): 275-279.
Ryan, K.J., Schoenknecht, F.D., Kirby, W.M.M., 1970. Disc sensitivity testing. Hospital Practice, 5(2): 91-100.
Stella, L.R., Marín, D., 2009. Metodologías para evaluar in vitro la actividad antibacteriana de Compuestos de or ígen vegetal. Scientia et technical Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, 42(1): 263-268.
Van Vuuren, S., Orchard, A., Viljoen, A., 2019. Essential oils: fragrant pools of antimicrobial synergism explored. Synergy, 100051.
Xiaotian, C., Lanyue, Z., Chenyu, Q., Zhiyun, D., Peng, X., Zhangmin, X., 2020. Chemical compositions of essential oil extracted from Lavandula angustifolia and its prevention of TPA-induced inflammation. Microchemical Journal, 153: 104458.