Tropikal ormanlardan Türkiye’ye papağan ticaretinin durumu

Papağanlar dünyanın tropikal bölgelerinde doğal yayılış gösteren kuşlardır. CITES Sözleşmesi’ne bağlı olarak uluslararası ticareti yapılmaktadır. Türkiye’de 1982 – 2016 yılları arasında 135 papağan türü ithal ve 40 papağan türü yeniden ihraç edilmiştir. Bu egzotik türlerden ikisi Türkiye’de yayılış göstermeye başlayıp doğada üreme popülasyonu kurmuştur. Dokuz tür, kafes kaçkını olarak doğada görülmüştür. Yabancı türlerin ülkelerin yerli türleri üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olabildiği için doğada üreme popülasyonları kurması istenmeyen bir durumdur. Türkiye'de üreyen popülasyonlar kurmuş olan Yeşil papağan (Psittacula krameri) ve İskender papağanı (Psittacula eupatria)'nın yayılış alanını genişletmemesi için kafes kuşu olarak satışının yasaklanması gerekmektedir. Türkiye’de en çok ithal edilen ve ihraç edilen tür Gri papağan (Psittacus erithacus)’dır. Türkiye’ye ithal edilen bazı türlerde oldukça yüksek birey sayıları tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerin, doğal yayılış gösterdiği bölgelerde, popülasyonunun azaldığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle, Türkiye papağan ticaretine tür temelli olarak kota ve kısıtlamalar getirmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Egzotik, CITES, Psittacula, Kafes kuşu, Papağan, Popülasyon, İthal, Psittacula

The status of the parrot trade from tropical forests to Turkey

Parrots are birds that naturally spread in the tropical regions of the world. International trade is carried out according to the CITES Convention. 135 parrot species were imported and 40 parrot species were re-exported between 1982 and 2016 in Turkey. Two of these exotic species have started to spread and established breeding populations in wild in Turkey. Nine species have been monitored in wild as cage escapes. Establishing breeding populations of alien species in the country is undesirable because alien species can have adverse effects on the resident species of the countries. The sale of the Rose ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri) and the Alexandrine parakeet (Psittacula eupatria)'s as cage birds must be banned to prevent the expansion of their spread because they have established breeding populations in Turkey. Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus) is the most imported and exported species in Turkey. Very high number of individuals in some species which were imported to Turkey have been detected. It is known that the populations of these species have decreased in the regions where their natural distribution areas. Therefore, Turkey should implement quotas and restrictions based on species in the parrot trade.

Keywords:

Exotic, CITES, Psittacula, Cage bird, Parrot, Population, Import, Psittacula,

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