Türkiye’nin Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi’nden elde edilen kök-ur nematodu izolatlarının Mi-1.2 dayanıklılık geni taşıyan domateste üremesi

Araştırma, Türkiye’nin Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi’nden elde edilen Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949 (38 izolat), Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (4 izolat), Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 (11 izolat) ve Meloidogyne luci Carneiro et al., 2014 (37 izolat) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae)’den oluşan 90 Meloidogyne izolatının hassas ve dayanıklı domates çeşitlerindeki üremesini değerlendirmek için 2013-2014 yılları arasında sıcaklık kontrollü bir serada yürütülmüştür. Nematod izolatlarının üreme faktörü ve urlanma indeksi saksı denemesi ile değerlendirilmiş ve üreme indeksi değerlerine göre dayanıklılığı kıran izolatlar belirlenmiştir. İzolatlar arasından sadece iki M. luci izolatı (Or-2 ve Pr-1) hassas ve dayanıklı domateste benzer bir urlanma indeksine sahiptir (P ≤ 0.05). M. luci’nin dört izolatı (Çr-19, Or-2, Pr-1 ve Pr-2), M. arenaria’nın iki izolatı (A-7 ve Sn-11) ve M. incognita’nın bir izolatı (A-11), dayanıklı domateste başlangıç inokulumundan daha fazla yumurta meydana getirmiştir. Bu kök-ur nematodu izolatları, M. arenaria’nın iki izolatı hariç, %10’dan fazla üreme indeksine sahip olarak dayanıklılığı kıran izolatlar olarak sınıflandırıldı. Bu bulgular, Mi-1.2 geninin M. luci'ye dayanıklılık sağladığını ancak dört izolatın bu dayanıklılığı kırabileceğini göstermiştir. İlk defa, domateste M. luci’nin dayanıklılığı kıran izolatları kayıt edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Meloidogyne, Mi-1.2 geni, dayanıklılık, domates, virülent

Reproduction of root-knot nematode isolates from the middle Black Sea Region of Turkey on tomato with Mi-1.2 resistance gene

Research was conducted to evaluate the reproduction of 90 Meloidogyne isolates including Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949 (38 isolates), Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (4 isolates), Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 (11 isolates) and Meloidogyne luci Carneiro et al., 2014 (37 isolates) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) from the middle Black Sea Region of Turkey on susceptible and resistant tomato cultivars in a greenhouse with temperature controlled between 2013 and 2014. Galling index and reproduction factor of nematode isolates were assessed in a pot assay and resistance-breaking isolates were determined according to their reproduction index. Among the isolates, only two isolates of M. luci (Or-2 and Pr-1) had a similar galling index on susceptible and resistant tomato (P ≤ 0.05). Four isolates of M. luci (Çr-19, Or-2, Pr-1 and Pr-2), two isolates of M. arenaria (A-7 and Sn-11) and an isolate of M. incognita (A-11) produced more eggs than the initial inoculum on resistant tomato. These root-knot nematode isolates, except two isolates of M. arenaria, were classified as resistance-breaking isolates having a reproduction index higher than 10%. These findings showed that the Mi-1.2 gene confers resistance to M. luci but four isolates of M. luci could overcome this resistance. This is the first report for resistance-breaking isolates of M. luci in tomato.

Keywords:

Meloidogyne, Mi-1.2 gene, resistance, tomato, virulent,

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