Mehmet KARACAOĞLU, Gül SATAR, Jim SMITH, Serdar SATAR

Türkiye Planococcus citri Risso, 1813 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) popülasyonlarının genetik çeşitliliği

Turunçgil unlubiti, Planococcus citri Risso, 1813 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)’nin genetik çeşitliliği ve popülasyon genetiği, mitokondriyal DNA bölgesine göre araştırılmıştır. Türkiye’de 2011-2015 yıllarında farklı konukçu bitkilerden toplam 108 birey toplanmıştır. Sitokrom C oksidaz alt birim geninin kısmi gen dizileri Türkiye'de beş haplotip olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır, bunlardan biri (Hap 1) yaygın haplotip olarak 102 örnekte saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, 90 homolog nükleotit P. citri sekansları analizlerimize dahil edilmiş ve Türkiye izolatlarına ait diziler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Moleküler çeşitlilik indeksleri, bu popülasyonlar için genel olarak yüksek mitokondriyal DNA çeşitliliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca, Tajima’nın D testi ve Fu’nun Fs testi Güney Asya hariç popülasyonların nötral değişim endeksinde sapmaları ve son popülasyon yayılmasını ifade eden negatif değerler göstermiştir. Çalışılan P. citri popülasyonları arasında genetik farklılaşmayı gösteren, ikili sabitleme endeksi kullanan farklı popülasyonların ikili karşılaştırmaları bazı bölgeler için önemli bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma ve daha önceki çalışmalardan elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak, antropojenik hareketlerle P. citri'de demografik genişlemenin meydana geldiği varsayılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Turunçgil unlubiti, haplotip çeşitliliği, Akdeniz, mtDNA, moleküler filogenetik

Genetic diversity of Turkish populations of Planococcus citri Risso, 1813 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

The genetic diversity and population genetics of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri Risso, 1813 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), were investigated based on sequencing of mitochondrial DNA. A total of 108 individuals were collected from different host plants in Turkey during 2011-2015. Partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene revealed five haplotypes in Turkey, with one of these (Hap 1) as the common haplotype, being present in 102 individuals. Additionally, 90 homologous nucleotide sequences retrieved from GenBank were incorporated into the analyses and compared with sequences of isolates from Turkey. Molecular diversity indices revealed overall high mitochondrial DNA diversity for these populations. Further, Tajima’s D test and Fu’s Fs test showed negative values, except in South Africa, indicating deviations from neutrality and suggesting recent population expansion for the populations. Pairwise comparisons of the different populations using the pairwise fixation indext was significant for some comparisons, indicating genetic differentiation among the P. citri populations studied. Based on these findings and those from earlier studies, it was hypothesize that demographic expansion has occurred in P. citri via the introduction of mealybugs by anthropogenic movements.

Keywords:

Citrus mealybug, haplotype diversity, Mediterranean, mtDNA, molecular phylogenetic,

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