Zübeyir DEVRAN, Bekir ŞAN, Ş. Evrim ARICI, N. Adnan YILDIRIM, Mehmet Ali SÖĞÜT

Kök lezyon nematodları (Pratylenchus spp.)'nın sert ve yumuşak çekirdekli meyve anaçlarında konukçu reaksiyonları

Batı Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde ılıman iklim meyve yetiştiriciliğinin yapıldığı bahçelerde yaygın olarak bulunan lezyon nematodu türlerinden Pratylenchus penetrans, P. crenatus, P. thornei ve P. neglectus'un farklı elma, armut, kiraz ve şeftali anaçlarına karşı konukçu reaksiyonları screen house'da araştırılmıştır. Çalışma tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 5 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuş ve her bir tekerrüre yaklaşık 1000 larva+ergin lezyon nematodu inokule edilmiştir. Bitkiler 7 ay sonra sökülmüş ve nematodlar Geliştirilmiş Baerman Huni Yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir .Pratylenchus penetrans M-9. MM-106 ve MM-111 elma anaçlarında yüksek popülasyon yoğunlukları oluşturmuştur. M-9, MM-106 ve MM-111 elma anaçlarında P. penetrans'in üreme oranları sırasıyla birinci yılda 6,2, 3.0 ve 12,9; ikinci yılda ise 5,6, 2,5 ve 10,6 oranlarında tespit edilmiştir. OHF-333 ve Quince A armut anaçları P. penetrans'a karşı orta dayanıklı reaksiyon göstermiştir. Üreme oranları, birinci yıl sırasıyla OHF-333 anacında 1,0 ve Quince A anacında 0,5 bulunmuştur. İkinci yılda da benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Şeftali anaçlarından GF-677, P. penetrans'a karşı her iki yılda da orta duyarlı reaksiyon göstermiştir. Nemaguard, GN (Garnem) ve Myrabolon 29 C anaçları P. penetrans'a karşı dayanıklı reaksiyon göstermiştir. Denemeye alınan SL-64, Maxma 14 ve Gisela 5 kiraz anaçlarında P. penetrans populasyonunda üreme oranları meydana gelmemiştir. Pratylenchus crenatus. P. thornei ve P. neglectus denemeye alınan elma, armut, kiraz ve şeftali meyve anaçlarında gelişme göstermemiş ve üreme oranı 1 değerinin altında meydana gelmiştir.

Host reactions of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) on the rootstocks of pome and stone fruits

Pratylenchus thornei, P. neglectus, P. penetrans and P. crenatus are common distributed Root lesion nematodes of temperate fruit orchards in the West Mediterranean region of Turkey. The objective of this study was to investigate host reaction of these root lesion nematodes on commonly used apple, cherry, peach and pear rootstocks in Turkey. Experiments were established on randomized block desing in screen house with 5 replica. Pratylenchus penetrans developed well and had high population density on the M-9, MM-106 and MM-111 apple rootstocks in year 1. Reproduction factor (Rf) of P. penetrans on M-9, MM-106 and MM-111 in the first year were 6,2, 3,0 and 12.9, respectively. In the second year, Rf of P. penetrans on M-9, MM-106 and MM-111 were 5,6, 2,5 and 10,6, respectively. OHF-333 and Quince-A pear rootstocks showed moderate resistant reaction to P. penetrans. Rf value of P. penetrans was found 1,0 on OHF 333 and 0,5 on Quince-A rootstocks in the first year. And also, similar results were observed on pear rootstocks in the second year. Peach rootstocks GF- 677 showed moderate susceptible reaction to P. penetrans in both two year. Nemaguard, GN (Garnem) and Myrabolon 29 C rootstocks had resistant to P. penetrans. Similarly, P. penetrans did not reproduce on Cherry rootstocks SL-64, Maxma-14 and Gisela-5 in years 1 and 2. Pratylenchus crenatus, P. thornei and P. neglectus did not develope and Rf value of these lesion nematodes were determined lower than 1 value on apple, cherry, peach and pear rootstocks in the experiments.

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