Ferhat ALTUNSOY, Yavuz TURAN, Senem FIRAT, Osman SERT

Eskişehir ilinde kırsal ve kentsel habitatlardaki domuz leşlerine çekilen Coleoptera türlerinin süksesyon farklılıkları

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Eskişehir ilinde domuz leşi üzerindeki Coleoptera süksesyonunun belirlenmesi ve kırsal ve şehirsel habitatlardaki süksesyonal düzen farklılıklarının değerlendirilmesidir. Eskişehir ilinde bulunan bir kırsal bir de şehirsel alana toplam 24 domuz leşi, Haziran 2012 ve Mayıs 2013 arasında bir yıllık süre boyunca yerleştirilmiştir. Coleoptera takımı içerisinde Staphylinidae, Histeridae, Dermestidae, Silphidae ve Cleridae familyalarına ait toplam 80 tür, ya direkt olarak leş üzerinden ya da toprakta bulunan türler için elemeyle toplanmıştır. Tüm türlerin ayları ve farklı çürüme evrelerinde bulundukları süreler belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak Türkiye’nin leş Coleoptera faunasına yeni kayıtlar eklenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada, çok yakın alanlarda bile hem tür sayısının hem de aktivite periyodlarının belirgin şekilde farklılık gösterdiği açığa çıkmaktadır. Bu şekildeki uzun-süreli süksesyon çalışmalarının Türkiye’nin tüm illerinde yapılması gerekliliği ortaya konulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler Türkiye’de adli olaylarda minimum ölüm zaman aralığı tahmininde potansiyel olarak kullanılabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Coleoptera süksesyonu, adli entomoloji, domuz, kırsal, Türkiye, kentsel

Differences in succession of Coleoptera species attracted to pig carcasses in rural and urban habitats in Eskişehir Province, Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine Coleoptera succession in pig carcasses in Eskişehir Province, Turkey, and to evaluate differences in successional patterns between rural and urban habitats. A total of 24 pig carcasses were placed in rural and urban areas in Eskişehir Province for one-year period between June 2012 and May 2013. A total of 80 species belonging to the families Staphylinidae, Histeridae, Dermestidae, Silphidae and Cleridae (Coleoptera) were collected either directly from carcasses or sifted for the specimens hiding in the soil. The months and duration of all species on the different stages of carcass decomposition were recorded. In addition, new records were added to the Coleoptera fauna of carcass for Turkey. The study revealed that, both species number and activity periods were different even in areas very close to each other. It is suggested that this type of long-term succession study should be performed across all provinces of Turkey. Acquired data could potentially be used for estimating the minimum post-mortem interval in forensic cases in Turkey.

Keywords:

Coleoptera succession, forensic entomology, pig, rural, Turkey, urban,

PDF

___

Anderson, G. S., 2001. "Insect succession on carrion and its relationship to determining time of death, 143-175”. In: Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations (Eds. J. H. Byrd & J. L. Castner). CRC Press Boca Raton, FL, USA, 437 pp.
Anderson, G. S. & S. Van Laerhoven, 1996. Initial studies on insect succession on carrion in southwestern British Columbia. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 41 (4): 617-625.
Andres, A., 1925. Zur biologie von Dermestes frischi Kug. (Speckkäfer). Anzeiger Für Schadlingskunde-Journal of Pest Science, 1: 105-106.
Anton, E., S. Niederegger & R. G. Beutel, 2011. Beetles and flies collected on pig carrion in an experimental setting in Thuringia and their forensic implications. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 25 (4): 353-364.
Assing, V., 2006a. On some species of Oxypoda Mannerheim from Turkey and adjacent regions (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Linzer Biologische Beitraege, 38 (1): 277-331.
Assing, V., 2006b. Six new species of micropterous Atheta and Apimela from northern Yunnan, China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Linzer Biologische Beitraege, 38 (2): 1143-1156.
Assing, V., 2007a. On the Oxypoda species of Turkey and adjacent regions. II. Three new species, additional records, and a checklist (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Zootaxa, 1411: 1-24.
Assing, V., 2007b. On the Aleocharini of Turkey, with notes on some species from adjacent regions (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Beiträge zur Entomologie-Contributions to Entomology, 57 (1) :177-209.
Bana, R. & A. Beyarslan, 2012. Determination of Coleoptera species of pig carcasses and internal organs of bovine in Edirne City of Turkey. Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science and Technology, 1 (2): 122-126.
Bonacci, T., P. Brandmayr, S. Greco, C. Tersaruolo, V. Vercillo & B. T. Zetto, 2010. Preliminary investigation of insect succession on carrion in Calabria (southern Italy). Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews, 3 (2): 97-110.
Carvalho, L. M. L., P. J. Thyssen, M. L. Goff & A. X. Linhares 2004. Observation on the succession patterns of necrophagous insects on a pig carcass in an urban area of Southeastern Brazil. Anil Aggrawal's Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 5 (1): 33-39.
Dekeirsschieter, J., C. Frederick, F. J. Verheggen, D. Drugmand & E. Haubruge, 2013. Diversity of forensic rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) associated with decaying pig carcass in a forest biotope. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 58 (4): 1032-1040.
Dekeirsschieter, J., F. Verheggen, G. Lognay & E. Haubruge, 2011. Large carrion beetles (Coleoptera, Silphidae) in Western Europe: a review. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment, 15 (3): 435-447.
Eversham, B., 1999. A simple key to the commoner families of British beetles. (Web page: http://www.wildlifebcn.org/ sites/bcnp.live.wt.precedenthost.co.uk/files/files/BeetleFamKey1.pdf), (Date accessed: May, 2017).
Fernández, V., P. Gamarra, R. Outerelo, B. Cifrián & A. Baz, 2010. Necrophiliac Staphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae) distribution along an altitudinal gradient in the Sierra Guadarrama, Spain. Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Sección Biológica, 104 (1-4): 61-86.
Ferreira de Almeida, M. A. & A. Pires do Prado, 1999. Aleochara spp. (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) and pupal parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) attacking symbovine fly pupae (Diptera: Muscidae, Sarcophagidae and Otitidae) in southeastern Brazil. Biological Control, 14 (2): 77-83.
Grassberger, M. & C. Frank, 2004. Initial study of arthropod succession on pig carrion in a central European urban habitat. Journal of Medical Entomology, 41 (3): 511-523.
Halstead, D. G. H., 1963. External sex differences in stored-products Coleoptera, Bulletin of Entomological Research, 54 (1): 119-134.
Kalík, V., 1951. New Dermestidae of the Palaearctic fauna (2nd contribution). Sborník Entomologického Oddělení Národního Musea Praha, 26 (362): 1-4.
Kočárek, P., 2003. Decomposition and Coleoptera succession on exposed carrion of small mammal in Opava, the Czech Republic. European Journal of Soil Biology, 39 (1): 31–45.
Kryzhanovskii, O. L. & A. N. Reikhardt, 1976. Superfamily Histeroidea (families Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Syntelliidae). Fauna of Russia, Coleoptera, 5 (4). Zoological Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg, 434 pp.
Lackner, T. & S. Mazur, 2015. The Nearctic species Margarinotus (Ptomister) immunis (Erichson, 1834) discovered in Slovakia (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Zootaxa, 3904 (3): 446-450.
Lesne, P., 1930. Le Dermestes des cadavres (Dermestes frischi Kug.) dans les tombes de l'Egypte ancienne. Bulletin de la Société Royal Entomologique d'Egypte, 14: 21-24.
Lott, D. A., 2008. “Staphylinidae, 25-55”. In: Checklist of Beetles of the British Isles (Ed. A. G. Duff) Duff, Wells, Somerset, UK, 164 pp.
Lü, L. & H. Z. Zhou, 2015. Review of the genus Platystethus Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae) in China. Zootaxa, 3915 (2): 151–205.
Mądra, A., S. Konwerski & S. Matuszewski, 2014. Necrophilous Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) as indicators of season of death and corpse relocation. Forensic Science International, 242: 32-37.
Matuszewski, S., D. Bajerlein, S. Konwerski & K. Szpila, 2008. An initial study of insect succession and carrion decomposition in various forest habitats of Central Europe. Forensic Science International, 180 (2-3): 61–69.
Matuszewski, S., D. Bajerlein, S. Konwerski & K. Szpila, 2010a. Insect succession and carrion decomposition in selected forests of Central Europe. Part 1: Pattern and rate of decomposition. Forensic Science International, 194: 85-93.
Matuszewski, S., D. Bajerlein, S. Konwerski & K. Szpila, 2010b. Insect succession and carrion decomposition in selected forests of Central Europe. Part 2: Composition and residency patterns of carrion fauna. Forensic Science International, 195: 42-51.
Matuszewski, S., D. Bajerlein, S. Konwerski & K. Szpila, 2011. Insect succession and carrion decomposition in selected forests of Central Europe. Part 3: Succession of carrion fauna. Forensic Science International, 207(1-3): 150–163.
Midgley, J. M., C. S. Richards & M. H. Villet, 2010. “The Utility of Coleoptera in Forensic Investigations, 57-68”. In: Current Concepts in Forensic Entomology (Eds. J. Amendt, M. L. Goff, C. P. Campobasso & M. Grassberger) Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, 375 pp.
Midgley, J. M. & M. H. Villet, 2009. Development of Thanatophilus micans (Fabricius, 1794) (Coleoptera: Silphidae) at constant temperatures. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 123: 285-292.
Miller, E. S. & S. B. Peck, 1979. Fossil carrion beetles of Pleistocene California USA asphalt deposits with a synopsis of Holocene California Silphidae Insecta Coleoptera Silphidae. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, 19 (8): 85-106.
Osuji, F. N. C., 1975. The Distribution of the larvae of Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in a radial temperature gradient. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 18 (3): 313-320.
Özdemir, S. & O. Sert, 2008. Systematic studies on male genitalia of Coleoptera species found on decomposing pig (Sus scrofa L.) carcasses at Ankara Province. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 36 (2): 137-161.
Özdemir, S. & O. Sert, 2009. Determination of Coleoptera fauna on carcasses in Ankara province, Turkey. Forensic Science International, 183 (1-3): 24-32.
Payne, J. A., 1965. A summer carrion study of the baby pig Sus scrofa Linnaeus. Ecology, 46: 592–602.
Pfeffer, A., 1927. Dermestes lardarius als Schädling der Holzbauten. Anzeiger Für Schadlingskunde-Journal of Pest Science, 3: 67-69.
Prado e Castro, C., M. D. Garcia, P. Martins da Silva, I. Faria e Silva & A. Serrano, 2013. Coleoptera of forensic interest: A study of seasonal community composition and succession in Lisbon, Portugal. Forensic Science International 232 (1-3): 73-83.
Putman, R. J., 1983. Carrion and Dung: The decomposition of animal wastes. The Institute of Biology’s Studies in Biology No. 156, Edward Arnold, London, 61 pp.
Reed, H. B., 1958. A study of dog carcass communities on Tennessee, with special reference to the insects. The American Midland Naturalist, 59 (1): 213-245.
Secchi, F., 2002. Histeridae de France. (Web page: http://www.insecte.org/photos/archives/histeridae_Secchi.pdf), (Date accessed: May, 2017).
Sert, O., M. Kabalak & B. Şabanoğlu, 2012. Determination of forensically important Coleoptera and Calliphoridae (Diptera) species on decomposing dog (Canis lupus familiaris L.) carcass at Ankara province. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 40 (1): 99-103.
Sikes, D. S., S. B. Peck, 2000. Description of Nicrophorus hispaniola, New Species, from Hispaniola (Coleoptera: Silphidae) and a Key to the Species of Nicrophorus of the New World. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 93 (3): 391-397.
Strand, A. & A. Vik, 1964. Die Genitalorgane der nordischen Arten der Gattung Atheta Thoms. (Col., Staphylinidae). Norsk Entomologiskl Tidsskrift, 12 (5-8): 327-335.
Strand, A. & A. Vik, 1968. Die Genitalorgane der nordischen Arten der Gattung Aleochara Grav. (Col., Staphylinidae). Norsk Entomologiskl Tidsskrift, 15 (2): 105–110.
Tantawi, T. I., E. M. El-Kady, B. Greenberg & H. A. El-Ghaffar, 1996. Arthropod Succession on Exposed Rabbit Carrion in Alexandria, Egypt. Journal of Medical Entomology, 33 (4): 566-580.
Tronquet, M., 2009. Révision des Aleochara (Heterochara) d’Europe, du bassin méditerranéen et des îles Atlantiques (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Aleocharini). Revue de l’Association roussillonnaise d’Entomologie, 18 (3): 93-125.
Watson, E. J. & C. E. Carlton, 2005. Insects succession and decomposition of wildlife carcasses during fall and winter in Louisiana. Journal of Medical Entomology, 42 (2): 193-203.
Welch, R. C., 1997. The British species of the genus Aleochara Gravenhorst (Staphylinidae). The Coleopterist, 6 (1): 1-45.
Wolff, M., A. Uribe, A. Ortiz & P. Duque, 2001. A preliminary study of forensic entomology in Medellín, Colombia. Forensic Science International 120 (1-2): 53-59.
Zanetti, A., 1987. Fauna d‘Italia XXV. Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, xii + 472 pp.