Characterizationofimidacloprid resistance in Aphis gossypii(Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)in Southern Iran

Pamuk yaprak biti Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), güney İran'ın Fars bölgesinde cucurbitlerin anahtar zararlılarından biridir ve imidaclorpid gibi tekrarlanarak kullanılan insektisitler ile kontrol edilmektedir. Son yıllarda insektisitlerinözelliklede imidaclorpid uygulamalarının başarısız olduğu kayıt edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada A. gossypii'nin iki duyarlı popülasyonunun imidaclorpidlere duyarlılığının ve Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), Diethyl maleate (DEM) vePiperonyl butoxide (PBO) gibi bazı sinerjist etkili kimyasalların imidaclorpit duyarlılğına etkisi mikro aplikatör kullanılan denemeler ile test edilmiştir. Yaprakbitinin dayanıklı popülasyonu seralardan kabakgiller üzerinden toplanmış, duyarlı popülasyon ise Cucumis sativusL. cv. Negin (Cucurbitaceae) üzerinde iki yıl süre ile yetiştirilmiştir. Imidoclorpid dayanıklılığı duyarlı popülasyona oranla 11.24 kat daha fazla bulunmuştur. Farklı sinerjik etkili maddelerin (esteraz, GSTs, cytochrome P450monooxygenazveheme peroxidaz) kombinasyonlarının test edildiği biyokimyasalçalışmalar sonucunda cytochrome P450mekanizmasının dayanıklılığı arttıran birincil mekanizma olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Güney İran'da Aphis gossypii(Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)'de imidacloprid direnç karakterizasyonu

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a key pest of cucurbits in Fars Province, Southern Iran and is managed with repetitive applications of insecticides such as imidacloprid. Recently, reports of insecticide control failures have increased, particularly with imidacloprid. In present work susceptibility of two A. gossypii populations to imidacloprid and effects of possible synergist, Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), Diethyl maleate (DEM) and Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) were checked using micro-applicator bioassay. The resistant population was collected from cucumber host plant in greenhouse and susceptible population had been reared under greenhouse conditions on Cucumis sativus L. cv. Negin (Cucurbitaceae) for two years. A resistance to imidacloprid with resistance ratio of 11.24 was found in resistant population compare with the susceptible population. Combination of in vivo differential synergism studies and biochemical assays (esterase, GSTs, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and heme peroxidase assay) suggest that the enhanced cytochrome P450 activity is the primary mechanism of increased resistance in these populations

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