“Bayramiç Beyazı” nektarinlerde insektisit kalıntılarının belirlenmesi ve tüketiciler için risk analizi

Bu çalışmada QuEChERS yöntemi ile “Bayramiç Beyazı” nektarinlerde insektisit kalıntıları araştırılmıştır. Analiz metodu SANTE 11312/2021’e göre doğrulanmıştır. 12 adet insektisitin LOQ limiti, MRL değerlerinin altında bulunmuştur. Metodun geri kazanımı %89.6 olmuştur. Bu rakamlar SANTE geri alımları (%60-140) ile uyumludur. Nektarin örnekleri 15 Haziran-30 Eylül 2022 arasında Çanakkale pazarından toplanmış ve ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi-Pestisit Laboratuvarı(Çanakkale-Türkiye)’nda analizleri yapılmıştır. Abamectin, acetamiprid, deltamethrin, etoxazole, novaluron, pyriproxyfen, spirodiclofen, tetramethrin ve thiacloprid kalıntı seviyeleri MRL değerlerinin altındadır. Öte yandan, sadece birer örnekte dimethoate, imidacloprid ve omethoate kalıntıları MRL değerlerini aşmıştır. Acetamiprid, deltamethrin, etoxazole ve novaluronun kalıntıları, birer örnekde MRL'lerin sırasıyla 1/2, 1/5, 1/10 ve 1/70'i olarak bulunmuştur. Risk değerlendirmeleri, yetişkinler için, omehoate hariç, maruz kalma düzeylerinin düşük olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır (tehlike katsayısı, HQ ≤ 1). Nektarin tüketiminde insan sağlığı açısından omethoate riskli bulunmuştur. Geri kalan 11 insektisit için insan sağlığı açısından herhangi bir risk bulunmamıştır. Bununla birlikte, HQ≤1 olmasına rağmen en yüksek akut HQ dimethoate için bulunmuştur. Zaten Türkiye’de dimethoate yasaklanma sürecindedir, dimethoate’ın metaboliti olan omethoate kullanımı ise yasaklanmıştır, Omethoate kalıntısı bulunması dimethoate'ın parçalanma ürünü olmasından kaynaklanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akut ve kronik risk değerlendirmesi, Bayramiç Beyazı, insektisit kalıntıları, nektarin, QuEChERS

Determination of insecticide residues in “Bayramiç Beyazı” nectarines and their risk analysis for consumers

In this study, insecticide residues on “Bayramiç Beyazı” nectarines were investigated with the use of QuEChERS method and LC-MS/MS analysis. Analytical method was verified through SANTE 11312/2021 Guidelines. The limit of quantification were below the MRLs for 12 insecticides. Method recovery was identified as 89.6%. Such a value was within the SANTE recovery (60-140%) limits. Nectarine samples were collected from Çanakkale open markets between 15 June-30 September, 2022 and analyzed at ÇOMÜ Agriculture Faculty-Pesticide Laboratory (Çanakkale-Türkiye). Abamectin, acetamiprid, deltamethrin, etoxazole, novaluron, pyriproxyfen, spirodiclofen, tetramethrin and thiacloprid residue levels were below the MRLs. On the other hand, dimethoate, imidacloprid and omethoate residues exceeded their MRLs only in one sample each. The maximum residues of acetamiprid, deltamethrin, etoxazole and novaluron were about 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, and 1/70 of the MRLs in one sample, respectively. Risk assessments revealed that exposure levels for adults were low (hazard quotient, HQ ≤ 1), with the exception of omehoate residues. Omethoate posed a chronic risk to human health through consumption of nectarines. For the remaining 11 insecticides, there was no risk for human health. However, the highest acute HQ were found for dimethoate even though its HQ was less than or equal to 1 The use of dimethoate is in the process of being banned in Türkiye, while omethoate (metabolite of dimethoate) is already banned. Presence of omethoate residue may be due to the degradation product of dimethoate.

Keywords:

Acute and chronic risk assessment, Bayramiç Beyazı, insecticide residues, nectarin, QuEChERS,

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