Çocuklarda Nefes Tutma Atakları

Nefes tutma atakları erken çocukluk çağında yaygın görülen epileptik olmayan tekrarlayıcı olaylardandır. Bu ataklar bazı emosyonel uyaranlarla tetiklenen kısa apne epizotlarından oluşmaktadır. Nefes tutma atakları genellikle altı ile 18 aylar arasındaki çocuklarda başlar. Nefes tutma atakları siyanotik ve pallid (soluk) tip olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Bu iki tipin ortaya çıkış mekanizmaları farklıdır. Siyanotik tipte yoğun solunum inibisyonu ile beraber hafif kardiyak etki var iken, pallid tipte güçlü kardiyak inhibisyon ile beraber hafif solunumsal etki vardır. Nefes tutma ataklarının tanısı büyük ölçüde karakteristik anamnez ve klinik bulgulara dayanır. Ayırıcı tanıda epilepsi ve kardiyolojik hastalıklar düşünülmelidir.Ayırıcı tanı için EKG kaydı ve video EEG izlemi çok az hastada gerekebilir.Nefes tutma atakları olan çocuklarda herhangi bir antiepileptik tedavi gerekmez ve prognoz mükemmeldir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çocuklar, Epileptik olmayan, Nefes tutma atakları

Breath-Holding Spells in Children

Breath-holding spells are common nonepileptic paroxysmal events in early childhood. They consist of brief apneic episodes provoked by some acute emotional stimulus. Breath-holding spells usually begin at the age of 6-18 months. Breath-holding spells are classifi ed into cyanotic and pallid types. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the two types are different. While there is intense respiratory inhibition with slight cardiac effect in the cyanotic type, there is powerful cardiac inhibition with slight respiratory effect in the pallid type. The diagnosis of breath-holding spells is largely based on the characteristic history and clinical events. Epilepsy and cardiac disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis. A few patients may require ECG recording and video EEG monitoring in the differential diagnosis. Antiepileptic treatment is not required in children with Breath-holding spells, and the prognosis is excellent

Keywords:

Children, Nonepileptic, Breath-holding spells,

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