Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Bu araştırma, sanatla terapi programının bireylerin ruhsal belirti düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, ön test ve son test modele dayalı deneysel bir çalışmadır. Kısa Semptom Envanterinden yüksek puan alan ve gönüllü olan bireyler birinci deney (11) ve ikinci deney grubuna (11) yansız olarak atanmıştır. Ölçme araçları uygulama öncesinde ön test, uygulamanın bitiminde ise son test olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada birinci deney grubuna sekiz oturum sanatla terapi programı uygulanırken, ikinci deney grubu olan etkileşim grubuna da sekiz oturum grup üyeleri tarafından seçilen konuların işlendiği bir program yürütülmüştür. Grupların kendi içlerinde karşılaştırılmasında Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi kullanılmıştır. Farkın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığı ise Mann Whitney U Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, birinci deney grubu ve ikinci deney grubu karşılaştırıldığında, sanatla terapi grubundaki bireylerin Kısa Semptom Envanteri alt ölçeklerinden somatizasyon, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, kişiler arası duyarlılık, depresyon, kaygı, öfke, fobik anksiyete düzeylerini azaltmada olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ancak paranoid düşünce ve psikotizm düzeylerini azaltmada etkili olmadığını göstermektedir. Buna karşılık etkileşim grubunun ön test ve son test puanlarının ortalamaları arasındaki fark .05 düzeyinde anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sanatla terapi grubundan ve etkileşim grubundan elde edilen puanlar karşılaştırıldığında ise iki grup arasında alt ölçeklerden sadece depresyon ve öfke arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuş, diğer alt ölçeklerde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sanat terapisi, Ruhsal belirti, Grup terapisi

The Impact of Art Therapy Program and Interaction Group Application on Psychological Symptom Levels

This research aims to analyze the effect of art therapy program on individuals’ psychological symptom levels. The study incorporates experimental research based on pretest-posttest design. Individuals that scored high on Brief Symptom Inventory and individuals volunteered to participate in the study were allocated to first (11) and second experimental group (11) in an objective matter. Measuring tools were applied as pretest before the application and as posttest after the application. During the study, the first experimental group was subjected to eight sessions of art therapy, while the second experimental group, which is the encounter group, was subjected to eight sessions of a program consisting of topics selected by group members. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for the comparisons within each group while Mann Whitney U Test was used to determine the differentiating groups. In conclusion, when first experimental group and second experimental group were compared, individuals that received art therapy experienced lower levels of somatisation, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, anger and phobic anxiety based on Brief Symptom Inventory subscales, while art therapy did not have any effect on reducing the paranoid ideation and psychoticism. However, the difference between pretest and posttest results of the encounter group was less than .05, which was determined as insignificant. When the results of art therapy group and encounter group were compared, only depression and anger was determined to be significant, while other subscales were determined as insignificant.

Keywords:

Art Therapy, Psychological Symptom, Group Therapy,

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