Neem ekstraktların biyoinsektisit olarak kullanımı

Sentetik insektisitlere alternatif olarak kullanılan biyoinsektisitlerden biride neem ağacından elde edilen bileşiklerdir. Neem ağacının farklı kısımlarından 150’ye yakın bileşik izole edilmiştir. Bu bileşikler özellikle tarım alanlarındaki zararlılara karşı beslenmeyi engelleyici, direk öldürücü etkisi, larva ve pupa gelişimine olan etkileri üzerinde çok sayıda çalışmalar yapılmış ve olumlu sonuçlar saptanmıştır. Neemden elde edilen ürünlerin zirai alandaki zararlılarla yapılacak olan IPM çalışmalarında biyopestisit olarak kullanılma potansiyeli oldukça yüksekdir. Faydalı organizmalara minimum düzeyde yan etkisi olan bu biyoinsektisit başka mücadele yöntemlerle birlikte hem organik tarım hem de konvansyonel tarımda kullanılma imkanı bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Azadirahta indica, neem, biyoinsektisit

The use of neem extracts as bioinsecticide

The compounds derived from the neem tree are a type of bioinsecticide that can be used as an alternative to synthetic insecticides. Up to 150 compounds are izolated from different parts of the neem tree. Many research studies on the antifeedant and toxic effect on pests in agricultural area, and growth modifying effect on their larva and pupa have been done and have shown positive results of these compounds on pests. The products derived from neem are very useful as biopesticides against agricultural pests in IPM programmes. These biopesticides which have low side-effect on beneficial organisms can be used together with other pest control methods in both organic and conventional agriculture.

Keywords:

Azadirahta indica, neem, bioinsecticide,

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