Modernite, Tarih ve İdeoloji: II. Abdülhamid Dönemi Tarihçiliği Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Anahtar Kelimeler:

-

Modernity, History and Ideology: A Critical Approach to the Hamidian Historiography

This article examines recent scholarship on the history of the late Ottoman Empire during the reign of Abdulhamid II. In the mainstream scholarship this period has been considered as a parenthesis in the context of the long-term Ottoman- Turkish march towards modernity which supposedly started with the Tanzimat. The recent academic literature, on the other hand, aimed at resituating the Hamidian period within the context of Ottoman-Turkish modernity and broader world-historical context. After briefly surveying the recent literature, the present article focuses on the political and ideological contexts that informed changing attitudes towards the history of Hamidian period. The article argues that the past that historians imagined, and the present that historians live within share the same temporality. This means that we need to rewrite the history of the Hamidian period as social history inspired by our concern to change our present.

Keywords:

-,

PDF

___

Akarlı, Engin Deniz, “The Problems of External Pressures, Power Struggles, and Budgetary Deficits in Ottoman Politics under Abdülhamid II (1876-1909): Origins and Solutions”, Doktora Tezi, Princeton University, 1976.
Alkan, Mehmet Ö., “Ölçülebilir Verilerle Tanzimat Sonrası Osmanlı Modernleşmesi”, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, 1996.
———, “Modernization from Empire to Republic and Education in the Process of Nationalism”, Ottoman Past and Today’s Turkey, Kemal Karpat (der.), Leiden: Brill, 2000, s. 47-132.
Belge, Murat, “Batılılaşma: Türkiye ve Rusya.” Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce, c. 3: Modernleşme ve Batıcılık, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2002, s. 43-55.
Benjamin, Walter, “Tarih Kavramı Üzerine”, Son Bakışta Aşk: Walter Benjamin’den Seçme Yazılar, Nurdan Gürbilek (der.), İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 2001, s. 39- 50.
Blackbourn, David ve Geoff Eley, The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany, Oxford ve New York: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Çetinsaya, Gökhan, “Ottoman Administration of Iraq, 1890-1908”, Doktora Tezi, University of Manchester, 1994.
———, “Abdülhamid’i Anlamak: 19. Yüzyıl Tarihçiliğine Bir Bakış”, Sosyal Bilimleri Yeniden Düşünmek: Sempozyum Bildirileri, İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 1998, s. 137-146.
———, “Çıban Başı Koparmamak: II. Abdülhamid Rejimine Yeniden Bakış”, Türkiye Günlüğü, 1999, sy. 58, s. 54-64.
———, “II. Abdülhamid Döneminde Kuzey Irak’da Tarikat, Aşiret ve Siyaset”, Dîvân İlmî Araştırmalar, 1999, sy. 7, s. 153-168.
Chakrabarty, Dipesh, Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference, Princeton Studies in Culture/Power/History, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Deringil, Selim, “New Approaches to the Study of the Ottoman Nineteenth Century”, Abdullah Kuran İçin Yazılar, Çiğdem Kafesçioğlu ve Luciene Thys-Şenocak (der.), İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 1999, s. 345-348.
———, İktidarın Sembolleri ve İdeoloji: II. Abdülhamid Dönemi (1876-1909), çev. Gül Çağalı Güven, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2002.
———, “They Live in a State of Nomadism and Savagery: The Late Ottoman Empire and the Post-Colonial Debate”, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 2003, c. 45, sy. 2, s. 311-342.
Dirlik, Arif, “Civil Society/Public Sphere in Modern China: As Critical Concepts Versus Heralds of Bourgeois Modernity”, Chinese Social Sciences Quarterly (Zhongguo She Hui Ke Xue Ji Kan), 1993, sy. 3, s. 10-22.
———, “Modernity as History: Post-Revolutionary China, Globalization and the Question of Modernity”, Social History, 2002, c. 27, sy. 1, s. 16-39.
———, “Rethinking Colonialism: Globalization, Postcolonialism, and the Nation” Interviews, 2002, sy. 3, s. 428-448.
Eickelman, Dale F.,“Islam and the Languages of Modernity”, Daedalus, 2000, c. 129, sy. 1, s. 119-135.
Eley, Geoff, “Nations, Publics, and Political Cultures: Placing Habermas in the Nineteenth Century”, Habermas and the Public Sphere, Craig Calhoun (der.), Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1996, s. 289-339.
Findley, Carter, “An Ottoman Occidentalist in Europe: Ahmed Midhat Meets Madame Gülnar, 1889”, American Historical Review, 1998, c. 103, sy. 1, s. 15-49.
Fortna, Benjamin, “Islamic Morality in Late Ottoman ‘Secular’ Schools”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 2000, sy. 32, s. 369-393.
———, Imperial Classroom: Islam, The State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Frierson, Elizabeth B., “Unimagined Communities: Women and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876-1909”, Critical Matrix, 1995, c. 9, sy. 2, s. 55-90.
———, “Unimagined Communities: State, Press, and Gender in the Hamidian Era”, Doktora Tezi, Princeton University, 1996.
———, “Cheap and Easy: The Creation of Consumer Culture in Late Ottoman Empire”, Consumption Studies and the History of the Ottoman Empire, 1550- 1922 An Introduction, Donald Quataert (der.), Albany: State University of New York Press, 2000, s. 243-260.
——, “Mirrors Out, Mirrors In, Domestication and Rejection of the Foreign in Late-Ottoman Women’s Magazines (1875-1908)”, Women, Patronage, and Self-Representation in Islamic Societies, D. Fairchild Ruggles (der.), Albany: State University of New York Press, 2000, s. 177-204.
Gaonkar, Dilip Parameshwar, Alternative Modernities, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 2001.
Goffman, Daniel, The Ottoman Empire and Early Modern Europe, New Approaches to European History, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Göle, Nilüfer, “Batı-dışı Modernlik: Kavram Üzerine”, Melez Desenler, İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 2000, s. 159-175.
———, “Snapshots of Islamic Modernities”, Daedalus, 2000, c. 129, sy. 1, s. 91-117.
Güran, Tevfik, 19. Yüzyıl Osmanlı Tarımı, İstanbul: Eren Yayıncılık, 1998.
Harootunian, Harry D., History’s Disquiet: Modernity, Cultural Practice, and the Question of Everyday Life, Columbia: Columbia University Press, 2000.
———, “In the Tiger’s Lair: Socialist Everydayness Enters Post-Mao China (Review essay on Streetlife China by Michael Dutton)”, Postcolonial Studies, 2000, c. 3, sy. 3.
———, Overcome by Modernity: History, Culture and Community in Interwar Japan, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Kandiyoti, Deniz, “Post-Colonialism Compared: Potentials and Limitations in the Middle East and Central Asia”, Intemational Journal of Middle East Studies, 2002, sy. 34, s. 279-297.
Karpat, Kemal, The Politicization of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith, and Community in the late Ottoman State, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Kodaman, Bayram, Şark Meselesi Işığı Altında Sultan Il. Abdülhamid’in Doğu Anadolu Politikası, İstanbul: Orkun, 1983.
———, Abdülhamid Dönemi Eğitim Sistemi, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 1990.
Kırlı, Cengiz, “A Profile of the Labor Force in Early Nineteenth-Century Istanbul”, International Labor and Working-Class History, 2001, sy. 60, s. 125-140.
Mardin, Şerif, “Civil Society and Islam”, Civil Society, Theory, History, Comparison, John A. Hall (der.), Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995, s. 278-300.
Ortaylı, İlber, İmparatorluğun En Uzun Yüzyılı, 1. baskı, İstanbul: Hil Yayınları, 1983.
Özbek, Nadir, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Sosyal Devlet: Siyaset, İktidar ve Meşruiyet, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2002.
———, “Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Türkiye’de Sosyal Devlet”, Toplum ve Bilim, 2002, sy. 92, s. 7-33.
Pamuk, Şevket, Osmanlı Ekonomisinde Bağımlılık ve Büyüme, 1820-19113, 2. baskı, İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, 1994.
Quataert, Donald, “Ottoman Reform and Agriculture in Anatolia, 1876-1908”, Doktora Tezi, University of California, Los Angeles, 1973.
———, Osmanlı Devleti’nde Avrupa İktisadi Yayılımı ve Direniş (1881-1908), çev. Sabri Tekay, Ankara: Yurt Yayınları, 1987.
, The Ottoman Empire, 1700-1922, New Approaches to European History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Said, Edward, Orientalism, New York: Pantheon Books, 1978.
Shaw, Stanford, “Sultan Abdülhamid II: Last Man of the Tanzimat”, Tanzimat’ın 150. Yıldönümü Uluslarası Sempozyumu (Bildiriler), Ankara: Millî Kütüphane, 1989, sy. 179-197.
İslamoğlu, Huri, “Modernities Compared: State Transformations and Constitutions of Property in the Qing and Ottoman Empires,”, Journal of Early Modern History, 2001, c. 5, sy. 4, s. 353-386.
Somel, Selçuk Akşin, The Modernization of Public Education in the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1908: Islamization, Autocracy, and Discipline, Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 2001.
Zürcher, Erik, Modernleşen Türkiye’nin Tarihi, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 1993