BILATERAL RELATIONS OF IRAN & SAUDI ARABIA UNTIL 1979: WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF IDENTITY-INTEREST ANALYSIS

The presence of diverse trans-state ethnic, geographic, sectarian,cultural and ideological identities not only challenge Middle Easternregimes but have also militated against regional peace. State identitiesand regimes in the Middle East challenging in the civil society and staterelations in the region. This is because the Middle East constitutes aunique ethnic, religious and sectarian mosaic. But these complex transborder identical formations, most of the time, are challenging the statesto lose control of the country's stability and even encourage other socialand political problems in the region. This research will provide an outlineabout the theoretical approach of constructivism, and state identitycomponents in the Middle East states, especially for Iran and SaudiArabia, and how these state identities affect foreign affairs. On the otherhand, in the Middle East, normative references, in terms of religion,ethnicity and tribal relations, as well as military-state relations andideology, have significantly affected the state identity building process.These elements played significant roles in the formation of MiddleEastern states, especially Iran and Saudi Arabia. After World War I. theofficial relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia were established in 1929,but this relation was always ambivalent even in the best of times. Thereare many important reasons for this, such as mutual distrust, historicalmisconceptions, and their sectarian and ethnic identities. This studyfocuses on how Iran and Saudi Arabia's state identities were formed andhow these consequently informed their regional politics until the end ofthe Shah regime in 1979. The study also analyzes the reflections of political developments and geopolitical struggles on Iran-Saudi Arabiarelations in the region.

1979’A KADAR İRAN VE SUUDİ ARABİSTAN İKİLİ İLİŞKİLERİNİN KİMLİK-ÇIKAR BAĞLAMINDA ANALİZİ

Bu çalışma, konstrüktivizm ve devlet kimliği bileşenlerinin teorik yaklaşımı, devlet kimliğinin Ortadoğu’da dış politikayı nasıl etkilediği hakkında İran ve Suudi Arabistan örneğinde çerçeve bilgi sunmaktadır. Orta Doğu’daki rejim ve devlet kimlikleri bölgede var olan etnik, mezhepsel, ideolojik ve kültürel devlet üstü kimlikler ile sürekli mücadele etmektedir. Ortadoğu farklı etnik, dini ve mezheplerin yaşam alanı olması nedeni ile eşisz bir mozaik olmaktadır. Fakat bu sınır aşırı unsurlar çoğu zaman bölgedeki devletlerin istikrarlarını kaybetmelerinde ve bölgedeki diğer sosyal ve politik sorunların tırmanmasına sebep olmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, Orta Doğu'da din, etnik köken ve aşiret ilişkileri ile asker-devlet ilişkileri ve ideolojinin inşası açısından normatif unsurlar devlet kimliği inşa etme sürecini güçlü biçimde etkilemiştir. Bu sosyal unsurların Ortadoğu devletlerinin, özellikle İran ve Suudi Arabistan'ın oluşumunda önemli roller oynadığını söyleyebiliriz. I. Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonraki süreçte 1929'lu yıllarda İran ve Suudi Arabistan arasında resmi ilişkiler kurulmuş, ancak ikili ilişkiler en iyi zamanlarda bile çatışmalı olmuştur. Karşılıklı güvensizlik, tarihi yanılgılar ve farklı mezhepsel ve etnik kimlikler gibi birçok önemli sebep bu çatışmalı ortama neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma, 1979 yılına kadar İran ve Suudi Arabistan devlet kimliklerininin inşası ve bu kimliklerin her iki ülkenin bölge politikasındaki etkisini irdelemektedir. Çalışma ayrıca bölgede yaşanan siyasi gelişmelerin ve jeopolitik çıkar mücadelelerinin İran-Suudi Arabistan ilişkilerine yansımasını analiz etmektedir.

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