Pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of the effects of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and aminoguanidine in rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica

Bu çalışmada, Fasciola hepatica ile deneysel olarak enfekte edilen ratlarda interferon gamma (IFN-γ) ve aminoguanidin’in (AG) etkisi patolojik ve immunohistokimyasal olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışmada 44 Wistar rat dört gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu hariç (4. grup), diğer üç grup (1-3. grup) 25 adet F. hepatica metaserkeriyle enfekte edildi. Birinci gruptaki ratlara, nitrik oksit (NO) sentezini bloke etmek için, % 0,2 AG içme suyuna ilave edilerek günlük olarak verildi. İkinci gruba, NO sentezi ve pro-infl amatuvar yanıtı uyarmak için, 250 ünite IFN-γ günlük olarak verildi. Üçüncü gruptaki ratlar enfekte kontrol grubu olarak değerlendirildi. Yaklaşık iki aylık deneme periyodu sonunda, tüm ratlar eter anestezisi altında öldürülerek nekropsileri yapıldı. Nekropside, enfekte gruplarda karaciğerde göç yolları, nekroz ve safra kanalında genişleme görüldü. Toplanan parazit sayısının IFN-γ verilen grupta diğerlerine göre nispeten düşük olduğu belirlendi. Akut göç yollarının çok sayıda eritrosit, nekrotik hepatositler ve nötrofi l lökositler ile dolduğu; eozinofi l lökositler ve mononükleer hücre infi ltrasyonu ile çevrelendiği saptandı. Kronik göç yollarının genellikle fi bröz bağdoku ile onarıldığı ve kronik yangısel infi ltratla çevrelendiği gözlendi. İmmunohistokimyasal olarak enfekte ratların karaciğer, hepatik ve mezenteriyal lenf düğümleri ile peyer plaklarında CD3 + T and CD79αcy + B lenfosit infi ltrasyonu ile λ IgG + plazmositler ve PCNA pozitif hücreler tespit edildi. İnterferon gamma verilen ratlarda parazit sayısının düşük olması ve fi bröz bağdoku onarımının şekillenmesi; AG verilen ratlarda ise şiddetli karaciğer lezyonlarının oluşmasına dayanılarak, interferon gammanın ratlarda bağışıklık sistemini olumlu yönde etkilediği ve AG’in NO sentezini bloke ettiği sonucuna varıldı.

Fasciola hepatica ile deneysel olarak enfekte edilen ratlarda interferon gamma (IFN-γ) ve aminoguanidin etkisinin patolojik ve immunohistokimyasal değerlendirilmesi

Th e present study was aimed at pathologically and immunohistochemically evaluating the eff ects of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and aminoguanidine (AG) in rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica. A total of 44 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. With the exception of the controls (fourth group), the remaining rats were infected orally with 25 metacerceria of F. hepatica. Th e fi rst group was administered 0.2% AG in drinking water daily, in order to block nitric oxide (NO) production. Th e second group was administered 250 units of IFN-γ daily, in order to stimulate NO synthesis. Th e third group was administered a placebo only. At the end of the 2 month experimentation period all the rats were killed under ether anesthesia and necropsied. Migrating tracts, necrosis, and enlargement of the main bile duct were the predominant lesions in infected livers. Th e parasite burden was lower in the IFN-γ–treated rats than rats in the other groups. Acute migrating tracts were occluded with numerous erythrocytes, necrotic hepatocytes, and neutrophils and surrounded by mononuclear cell infi ltration interspersed with eosinophils. Chronic migrating tracts were generally repaired with fi brous connective tissue and surrounded by chronic infl ammatory infi ltrate. Immunohistochemistry detected CD3+ T and CD79αcy + B lymphocyte infi ltration, λ IgG + plasmocytes and PCNApositive cells in the infected livers, hepatic and mesenterial lymph nodes, and Peyer’s patches. Given the low numbers of parasites and the limited repair in the liver of the animals administered IFN-γ and the severity of the lesions in the livers of the animals administered AG, it was concluded that IFN-γ positively aff ected the immune system and that AG blocked NO production in the animals.

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